Cholagogue

It was stated that the chromatographic analysis of the flavonoid profde may help the determination of taxonomic relationships between these species [125], The optimization of the separation of flavonoid glycosides of Mentha piperita (Laminaceae) was carried out on silica, amino, cyano and C18 HPTLC statinoary phases. The investigation was motivated by the spasmolytic, carminative and cholagogue characteristics of the plant. Air-dried and powdered leaves of peppermint (300 g) were extracted with methanol-water 1 1 v/v at ambient temperature. The suspension was filtered, concentrated to 200 ml acidified to pH 3 with formic acid and separated in an ODS column (400 X 40 mm i.d. particle size 40 pm). 

Cholagogue. An agent that stimulates the bile flow to the intestines. Cholecystectomy. Surgical removal of the gallbladder. 

N.A. Aloin isobarbaloin, aloeresin A, B, aloesin glycone, aloesone, emodin, chrysophanic acid, 1,8-dihydroxy-anthracene derivatives, barbaloin, anthaquinone glycosides.99-100 108 109 510-511 Purgative, eupeptic, and cholagogue effect. It is a laxative and cathartic. Juice from leaves used for cuts and other skin problems. 

Blue flag is said to have cholagogue, laxative, diuretic, dermatological, anti-inflammatory, and antiemetic properties. It is used for skin diseases, biliousness with constipation and liver dysfunction, and cutaneous eruptions. 

Boldo is stated to possess cholagogue, liver-stimulant, sedative, diuretic, mild urinary demulcent, and antiseptic properties. It has been used for gallstones, pain in the liver or gallbladder, cystitis, rheumatism, and specifically for cholethiasis with pain. 

Dandelion is stated to have diuretic, laxative, cholagogue, and antirheumatic properties. It has been used for cholecystitis, gallstones, jaundice, atonic dyspepsia with constipation, muscular rheumatism, oliguria, and particularly for cholecystitis and dyspepsia. 

Fumitory has weak diuretic and laxative properties and acts as a cholagogue. Traditionally, it has been used to treat cutaneous eruptions, conjunctivitis (as an eye lotion), and chronic eczema. 

Gentian is stated to possess bitter, gastric stimulant, sialagogue, and cholagogue properties. Traditionally, it is used for anorexia, atonic dyspepsia, gastrointestinal atony, and specifically for dyspepsia with anorexia. 

Yellow dock is stated to possess gentle purgative and cholagogue properties. Traditionally, it has been used for chronic skin disease, obstructive jaundice, constipation, and specifically for psoriasis with constipation. 

Sterczer et al. (1996) studied the effect of cholagogues on the volume of the gallbladder in healthy dogs fasted for 24 hours by two-dimensional ultrasonography. The volume was measured immediately before the administration of each test substance and at 10-min intervals for 120 min thereafter. 

MiM S, Cohen BI, Mikami T, Mosbach EH (1993) Metabolism and choleretic activity of homochenodeoxycholic add in the hamster. J Lipid Res 34 915-921 Pesson M, Salle J, Auffret C (1959) Activites choleretique et cholagogue des derives del l acide dnnamique et de l adde a-phenylcinnamique. Arch Int Pharmacodyn 119 443—482... 

Therapy Asymptomatic patients do not need any treatment. With symptomatic patients, it is important to use therapeutic strategies which are directed towards the predominant symptoms. These include removal of gallstones by means of sphincterotomy (beware of varices ), antibiotics, placement of a stent, cholagogue agents, TIPS and surgical techniques. (21, 36, 63,106,157)... 

Cholagogues—stimulate secretion of bile from gall-bladder, also produce a laxative effect. 

One patent was granted for extraction of alkaloids from Thalictrum species. Finely-powdered samples of Thalictrum species were first moistened with NH4OH (10%), and then extracted with a nonpolar chlorinated organic solvent. The extracting solvent was treated with citric acid (0.1-0.5N), and the citric acid basified to pH 9-10 before extraction (2x) with chlorinated solvent. The solvent was removed via distillation, and the residue dissolved in a mixture of polar and nonpolar solvents to afford crystalline alkaloids, such as P-allocryptopine. The alkaloids have antitussive, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-arrhythmic, and choleretic-cholagogue properties [33]. 

Tamarind leaves and flowers, dried or boiled, are used as poultices for swollen joints, sprains and boils. The latter are usually applied after grinding leaves and flowers into powder whereby they are used in lotions or infusions. Lotions and extracts made from them are used in treating conjunctivitis, as antiseptics, as vermifuges, treatments for dysentery, jaundice, erysipelas and haemorrhoids, and various other ailments. Frait shells are burned and reduced to an alkaline ash which enters into medicinal formulas (S). The leaves, mixed with salt and water, are used to treat throat infections, coughs, fever, intestinal worms, urinary troubles and liver ailments. Leaves and pulp act as a cholagogue, laxative and are often used in treating liver congestion , constipation and haemorrhoids (3). 

Carminative- an agent used to dispel gas from the intestine and prevent distension. Cholagogue- an agent used to promote the flow of bile. 

PEPPERMINT, Menthae piperitae aetheroluem The drug is used as a stomatological preparation (AOl) and has spasmolytic, cholagogue and antiseptic effects besides its carminative action. 

The root has spasmolytic, cholagogue and carminative effects. Sunbathing should be avoided when used over long periods, since the furocoumarins make the skin sensitive to UV-light. 

Bile Acids acids liberated by the gall bladder which play a role in the digestion of fats. Bilharzia parasitic disease due to schistosomes which live in the human circulatory system. Cholagogue substance which increases the flow of bile from the gallbladder. 

Cholagogue Anything promoting the discharge of bile from the system. Chromate of baryta, barytes BaCrO Barium chromate. 

Podophylltn. podophyllum The rhlsome and rootlet of the may apple (Podophyllum peltaturn). used as a cholagogue and cathartic. 

Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. Sitterash = Burning bush = Wahoo bark hot water/orai tonic, hydrogogue cathartic,cholagogue, diuretic 43... 

Actions Antibacterial, antiviral, antiseptic, antiparasitic, anti protozoan, antiviral, antifungal, anthelmintic, immune-stimulating, hypotensive, diaphoretic, antispasmodic, cholagogue. 

Cholagogue Substance that induces gallbladder contraction. 

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