Chlorinated PVC CPVC

CPVC is manufactured by chlorination of PVC polymer thereby raising the chlorine content from 56% to around 66%. Chlorination takes place primarily at the -CH2-groups along the polymer chain so that the resulting structure becomes virtually a copolymer of vinyl chloride with 1,2-dichloroethylene. 

Chlorination of PVC reduces the forces of attraction between the molecular chains. CPVC is also essentially amorphous. Both of these factors allow CPVC to be stretched more easily and to a greater extent than PVC 

The upper service temperature for CPVC is approximately 100 °C in comparison to PVC at 60 °C (463). 

Pipe (436), mouldings (376) and sheet are formulated for high temperature use based on CPVC or blends of CPVC and PVC. 

This is used at temperatures up to 100 C and has similar chemical resistance impact. Presumably it will supersede normal PVC because of its superior tolerance to higher temperatures. 

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Chlorinated PVC (CPVC) is used in higher temperature apphcations such as hot-water piping. Because of its superior creep resistance, CPVC is also used in automated fire-safety sprinkler systems. 

Chlorinated PVC (CPVC), uses of, 25 684 Chlorinated rubber, for corrosion protection, 7 201... 

Polyvinylchloride (PVC) is commercially the most signihcant member of the family of vinyl resins. The other important members of this group are chlorinated-PVC (CPVC) and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC). PVC is one of the most widely used, commodity type thermoplastics with an annual consumption of over 5 Mton/y in the USA. The excellent versatility of PVC is attributed to its blending capability with a variety of plasticizers, additives and fillers to yield products ranging from very flexible to very rigid types. In addition, PVC has a low cost advantage and a reasonably good balance of properties, which... 

The chlorine content of rigid PVC can be enhanced up to approximately 70 per cent by chlorination, when its oxygen index may be as high as 60 per cent. The characteristics of chlorinated PVC (CPVC) are rather different from those of PVC itself — in practical terms, it is a different plastic material. Rigid PVC can be flame-retarded by inert fillers and by alumina trihydrate. In practice, the flammability parameters of rigid PVC are generally not worth improving since its inherent characteristics meet the usual requirements. 

Because of their relatively lower cost, plastic pipes have for the most part replaced metal pipes in residential construction. Rigid PVC, chlorinated PVC (CPVC), PE, ABS, and polybutene (PB) plastic pipes are commonly used. GRP thermoset pipes are also used in civil engineering. They are lighter compared to available alternatives and much simpler to install, have relatively lower EE, and save energy by reducing... 

The chlorine headers popular in Europe are dual laminate headers, which are preferred over FRP for environmental reasons. The dual laminate has an inner ring of less brittle PVC-C of 5-mm thickness for corrosion protection and an outer layer of 10-15 mm thickness of FRP for structural strength, the intermediate layer being 5 mm of resin-rich FRP 5 ION or 197-3. The outer layer contains a flame retardant and is added after the dual laminate is stress relieved. The chlorinated PVC (CPVC)/FRP dual laminate header is fabricated from CPVC tubing up to 60 cm in diameter. The dual laminate headers have a life of 8-10 years vs the 6-12 years of life of FRP, at a comparable cost. 

A variation on PVC that is important for some pipe applications is Chlorinated PVC (CPVC). This is manufactured by chlorination at a post-polymerisation stage. The modified polymer which carries additional chlorine atoms has a stiffer polymer chain resulting in better high temperature performance than PVC. CPVC has therefore been used for piping hot water and industrial chemicals where it continues to be used in competition with PP and crosslinked PE. The mechanical properties and chemical resistance characteristics of CPVC are similar to PVC. 

Blends of chlorinated-PVC (CPVC) and TPU have been shown to be immiscible despite the fact that the blends exhibit single T peak. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed a two-phase structure witfi domain size varying from d = 0.1 to 1.5 pm [30]. Other blends, such as polyfvinylidene chloride-co-vinyl chloride)/TPU, are optical clear with thermal behaviors, indicating complete miscibility in the blends [31]. 

Chlorinated paraffins (mainly chlorinated PVC (CPVC)) are widely used in PVC as they have greater resistance to ignition and combustion than general purpose plasticisers. However, the effects of chloroparaffins on health is still a controversial issue and its use as a flame retarder in PVC applications for cables, wall coverings and flooring are declining [41]. 

Acetylene and hydrochloric acid are reacted together to produce PVC with a chlorination of approximately 56.5%. Further chlorination of the PVC to approximately 67% produces chlorinated PVC (CPVC) with the following chemical structure ... 

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