Chlorinated hydrocarbon / plastic rubber

Chlorine is used as a disinfectant for purifying water in the manufacture of bleaching powder, chlorinated hydrocarbons, synthetic rubber, and plastics and as a chlorinating and oxidizing agent. It was used as a poison gas in war under the name Bertholite. 

Fluorinated rubbers, copolymers of hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene-fluorides, have excellent resistance to oils, fuels and lubricants at temperatures up to 200°C. They have better resistance to aliphatic, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons and most mineral acids than other rubbers, but their high cost restricts their engineering applications. Cheremisinoff et al. [54] provide extensive physical and mechanical properties data on engineering plastics. A glossary of terms concerned with fabrication and properties of plastics is given in the last section of this chapter. 

Solvent wiping. Rubbers tend to swell by application of solvents and the mechanical interlocking of the adhesive is favored. Although chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents are the most effective, they are toxic and cannot be used toluene and ketones are currently the most common solvents. The treatment with solvents is effective in the removal of processing oils and plasticizers in vulcanized mbbers, but zinc stearate is not completely removed and antiozonant wax gradually migrates to the mbber/polyurethane adhesive interface. Table 27.1 shows the moderate increase in adhesion produced in SBR by MEK wiping. 

TPE/PVCs are handicapped by the ecological problems involved with chlorine and possibly with some plasticizers a lower elasticity than conventional rubbers, the more so as the hardness increases certain risks of creep, relaxation and permanent set, the more so the higher the temperature rises higher cost than TPOs aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbon behaviour limited thermal behaviour density fume toxicity and corrosivity in the event of fire tool corrosion risks. 

Polystyrene. Polystyrene [9003-53-6] is a thermoplastic prepared by the polymerization of styrene, primarily the suspension or bulk processes. Polystyrene is a linear polymer that is atactic, amorphous, inert to acids and alkalies, but attacked by aromatic solvents and chlorinated hydrocarbons such as dry cleaning fluids. It is dear but yellows and crazes on outdoor exposure when attacked by uv light. It is brittle and does not accept plasticizers, though rubber can be compounded with it to raise the impact strength, ie, high impact polystyrene (HIPS). Its principal use in building products is as a foamed plastic (see Foamed plastics). The foams are used for interior trim, door and window frames, cabinetry, and, in the low density expanded form, for insulation (see Styrene plastics). 

Chlorine is used to bleach all types of fabric, to disinfect relatively clean impervious surfaces, to purify water, and to control biofouling in cooling systems. It is used in the processing of meat, fish, vegetables, and fruits. It is also used in the manufacturing of synthetic rubber, plastics, pesticides, antifreeze, refrigerants, antiknock compounds, chlorinated hydrocarbons, polyvinyl chloride, and chlorinated lime. Chlorine is also used in detinning... 

DIEXHYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER ACETATE (629-38-9) Combustible liquid (flash point 180°F/98°C). Moisture may cause decomposition with formation of acetic acid. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, permanganates, peroxides, ammonium persulfate, bromine dioxide, calcium chlorate, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, and other strong acids. Incompatible with acyl halides, aliphatic amines, alkalis, boranes, isocyanates, nitrates. May form shock-sensitive mixtures with silver, cobalt, chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitromethane, chromium compounds. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks copper, brass, zinc. 

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