Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment

Stanulla, M., Schaeffeler, E., Hohr, T., et al. (2005) Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) genotype and early treatment response to mercaptopurine in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia JAMA. 293, 1485-1489. 

S.R. Blattner, R. Tantravahi, P. Leavitt, and S.E. Sallan, Four-agent induction and intensive asparaginase therapy for treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med, 1986. 315(11) 657-63. 

Thiopurines in the Treatment of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Genetic Variants of the Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase Gene... 

The thiopurines 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and 6-thioguanine (6-TG) are essential components of treatment protocols for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia... 

THIOPURINES IN THE TREATMENT OF CHILDHOOD ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA... 

Silverman LB, Sallan SE. Newly diagnosed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia update on prognostic factors and treatment. Curr Opin Hematol. 2003 10 290-296. 

Sackmann-Muriel F, Felice MS, Zubizarreta PA et al. Treatment results in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a modified ALL-BFM 90 protocol lack of improvement in high-risk group. Leak Res 1999 23 331-340. 

Bokkering J, DamenF, Huylscher Met al. Biochemical evidence for synergistic combination treatment with methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematol Blood Transfus 1990 33 110-117. 

Stanulla M, Schaeffeler E, Moricke A et al. Thiopurine methyltransferase genotype is not a risk factor for secondary malignant neoplasias after treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia on Berlin FrankfurtMunster protocols. Blood 2006 108 48a. 

The late nervous system effects in survivors 7 years after treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia include impaired concentration, attention, and memory (32). 

Erculj N, Faganel B, Debeljak M et al (2012) DNA repair polymorphisms influence the risk of second neoplasm after treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 138 1919-1930... 

Yang YL, Lin DT, Chang SK et al (2010) Pharmacogenomic variations in treatment protocols for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 54 206-211... 

Boulad E, Steinherz P, Reyes B, et al. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation versus chemotherapy for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in second remission A single institution study. J Clin Oncol 1999 17 197-207. 

H. Henze, R. Fengler, R. Hartmann, et al. BFM group treatment results in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hematol. Blutransfus. 55 619 (1990). 

Longeway K, Mulhern RK, Crisco J, et al Treatment of meningeal relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, II a prospective study of intellectual loss specific to CNS relapse and therapy. American Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 12 45-50,1990... 

Consider, for example, the drug 6-mercaptopurine, one of the mainstays of treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a common type of childhood cancer (Rioux, 2000). Researchers have discovered that the reason some... 

Kamps WA, Bokkerink JP, Hahlen K et al. Intensive treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia according to ALL-BFM-86 without cranial radiotherapy results of the Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group protocol ALL-7 (1988-91). Blood 1999 94 1226-1236. 

Uckun FM, Sensei MG, Sun L et al. Biology and treatment of childhood T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1998 91 735-746. 

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer with a erne rate of approximately 80%. However, despite the generally favorable outeome of ALL treatment, some children relapse or experience severe treatment side effeets. Reeent research eiforts have focused on understanding the patient genetie eharaeteris-ties that underlie treatment response. To date, several studies have demonstrated that... 

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common childhood cancer with cure rates of approximately 80% of all patients (1). This success rate largely stems from collaborative clinical trials that have developed risk stratification groups. Treatment intensity is proportional to relapse risk, with patients at relapse risks receiving more intensive, and therefore toxic, therapy. Thus, the overall goal of risk stratification is to balance successful treatment against toxicity. 

Therapeutic modalities in cancer treatment may involve surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy. The objectives of cancer chemotherapy include (1) cure, (2) reduction in tumor size, and (3) prolongation of life. At the present time, approximately 50 percent of patients with cancer can be cured, with drug treatment estimated to contribute in 17 percent of cases. Cancer chemotherapy can be curative in testicular cancer, diffuse large cell lymphoma, Hodgkin s disease, choriocarcinoma, certain childhood tumors (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Burkitt s lymphoma, Wilms tumor, and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma). Certain cancers are more resistant to chemotherapy than others (e.g., lung and colon). 

Mulhem RK, Ochs J, Fairclough D, et al Intellectual and academic achievement status after CNS relapse a retrospective analysis of 40 children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 5 933-940,1987 Mulhem RK, Kovnar EH, Kun LE, et al Psychologic and neurologic function following treatment for childhood temporal lobe astrocytoma. J Child Neurol 3 47-52, 1988... 

Lennard L, Lilleyman JS. Variable mercaptopurine metabolism and treatment outcome in childhood lymphoblastic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 1989 7 1816-1823. Erratum itv.JClin Oncol 1990 8 567. Lennard L, Lewis IJ, Michelagnoli M et al. Thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency in childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia 6-mercaptopurine dosage strategies. MedPediatr Oncol 1997 29 252-255. Lennard L, Van Loon JA, Weinshilboum RM. Pharmaeogenetics of acute azathioprine toxicity relationship to thiopurine methyltransferase genetic polymorphism. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989 46 149-154. 

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