Chemistry founder

Mackenzie Robert Cameron (1920 2000) Scot, chem.., expert in clay chemistry, founder of International confederation on thermal analysis (ICTA)... 

Ronald E. Hester is Professor of Chemistry in the University of York. He was for short periods a research fellow in Cambridge and an assistant professor at Cornell before being appointed to a lectureship in chemistry in York in 1965. He has been a full professor in York since 1983. His more than 300 publications are mainly in the area of vibrational spectroscopy, latterly focusing on time-resolved studies of photoreaction intermediates and on biomolecular systems in solution. He is active in environmental chemistry and is a founder member and former chairman of the Environment Group of the Royal Society of Chemistry and editor of Industry and the Environment in Perspective (RSC, 1983) and Understanding Our Environment (RSC, 1986). As a member of the Council of the UK Science and Engineering Research Council and several of its sub-committees, panels and boards, he has been heavily involved in national science policy and administration. He was, from 1991-93, a member of the UK Department of the Environment Advisory Committee on Hazardous Substances and is currently a member of the Publications and Information Board of the Royal Society of Chemistry. 

Arrhenius, insofar as his profession could be defined at all, began as a physicist. He worked with a physics professor in Stockholm and presented a thesis on the electrical conductivities of aqueous solutions of salts. A recent biography (Crawford 1996) presents in detail the humiliating treatment of Arrhenius by his sceptical examiners in 1884, which nearly put an end to his scientific career he was not adjudged fit for a university career. He was not the last innovator to have trouble with examiners. Yet, a bare 19 years later, in 1903, he received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. It shows the unusual attitude of this founder of physical chemistry that he was distinctly surprised not to receive the Physics Prize, because he thought of himself as a physicist. 

Two marks of the acceptance of the new discipline, physical chemistry, in the early 20th century were the Nobel prizes for its three founders and enthusiastic... 

So, physical chemistry has developed far beyond the vision of its three famous founders. But then, the great mathematician A.N. Whitehead once remarked that a science which hesitates to forget its founders is lost he meant that it is dangerous to refuse to venture in new directions. Neither physical chemistry nor materials science has ever been guilty of such a refusal. 

G. B. Kauffman, Alfred Werner Founder of Coordination Theory, Springer, Berlin, 1966, 127 fp. G. B. Kauffman (ed.) Coordination Chemistry A Century of Progress, ACS Symposium Series 565, Washington DC, 1994, 464 pp. 

While still a student at the Academy, Ipatieffbegan to make a name for himself in the Russian chemical community as he began to publish some of his laboratory findings. His first professional milestone as a chemist came in 18h() when he joined Russia s Physical-Chemical Society. Here he came into close contact with Russia s most famous chemists, including Dimitri Mendeleev, discoverer of the periodic table and one of the founders ol the Society. In 1891, upon graduating from the school, he was appointed lecturer in chemistry at the Academy where he also continued to undertake original chemical research for his doctoral dissertation. In 1895, he was made assistant professor and, upon completion and acceptance of his dissertation in 1899, he became a full professor of chemistry. 

The final paper in this collection is very recent and appeared in the International Journal of Quantum Chemistry where articles on Madelung s rule have previously been published. It was in this journal that its founder Per Olov Lowdin first drew attention to the fact that the rule had not yet been derived from quantum mechanics.24 More recently Allen and Knight published what they claimed provided just such a long-awaited derivation.25... 

Eric R. Scerri is a lecturer in chemistry and the history and philosophy of science at University of California, Los Angeles. He is the founder and edi-tor-in-chief of the journal Foundations of Chemistry and the author o/The Periodic Tabic Its Story and Its Significance (Oxford University Press, 2007). He received his Ph.D. in the his ton/ and philosophy of science from King s College London. Address Department of Chemistry Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569. Internet scerri chem.ucla.edu... 

Sir Bernard Lovell, the founder of Britain s Jodrell Bank Observatory, brings our attention to a present development which, unfortunately, does not favor serendipitous discoveries. What he wrote about astronomy in 1984 is certainly valid for chemistry too I was enthusiastic when. .. computers became a major force in astronomical research. .. But even the greatest blessings tend to be mixed. .. Computers are no exception. .. I fear that literal-minded, narrowly focused computerized research is proving antithetical to the free exercise of that happy faculty known as serendipity. .. . 

Chemists tend to be prolific authors. Some say they have a conceit of authorship, whereas others contend it is pride. Stacey was certainly proud of his many scientific papers (more than 350) and several books. In addition, he was founder-editor of three journals and he was a member of the editorial boards of several others. He was a supporter of Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry from its inception. He served on the advisory board for many years, was associate editor, and contributed to early volumes. 

Calorimetry is an important technique in biology as well as in chemistry. The inventor of the calorimeter was Antoine Lavoisier, who is shown in the illustration. Lavoisier was a founder of modem chemistry, but he also carried out calorimetric measurements on biological materials. Lavoisier and Pierre Laplace reported in 1783 that respiration is a very slow form of combustion. Thus, calorimetry has been applied to biology virtually from its invention. 

Professor Stewart Trippett is an initiator and has led the development of modern organophosphorus chemistry. He is also a founder and the original Senior Reporter of this Report and we were all concerned to hear of his recent illness. All his friends and colleagues wish him well. It is appropriate and significant that the areas where he has contributed so much, those of the Wittig reaction and hypervalent intermediates, are still among the most actively investigated topics. 

Wells, W.A. Franciscus Sylvanus (Francois de le Boe) 1614-1672. Founder of iatro- chemistry, a great teacher of medicine and rightful father of the Sylvan eponyms. Laryngoscope 59, no. 8 (Aug 1949) 9-4-919. 

Taylor, Frank Sherwood. The alchemists founders of modem chemistry. 1949 reprint, Kila (MT) Kessinger, 1991. x, 246 p. ISBN 156459002X... 

Taylor, Frank Sherwood. The alchemists, founders of modem chemistry. 

Lavoisier. Isis. 87 (Sept. 1996) 481-499. Source for Lavoisier. Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent and Isabelle Stengers. A History of Chemistry. Cambridge MA Harvard University Press, 1996. Source for Leblanc as founder of industrial chemistry and for history of natural alkalis. 

Erwin N. Hiebert. Walther Nernst and the Application of Physics to Chemistry. In Springs of Scientific Creativity Essays on Founders of Modem Science, Rutherford Aris et al., eds. Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press, 1983, pp. 203-231. Source for Nernst s fight with Haber. 

George B. Kauffman. Wallace Hume Carothers, Founder of American Polymer Chemistry. Chemical Intelligencer. 2 3 (July 1996) 49-51. 

In 1784 a Royal Commission was established by Louis XVI to investigate mesmerism. Its members included some of the most illustrious figures of the time Benjamin Franklin, who was at the time the American Ambassador to France Antoine Lavoisier, the founder of modern chemistry and the infamous... 

Ronald Breslow (Co-Chair) is University Professor of Chemistry, Columbia University, and a founder of a new pharmaceutical company. He received his B.A. (1952), M.A. (1954), and Ph.D. (1955) from Harvard University. His research area is organic chemistry with specialization in biochemical model systems, biomimetic synthetic methods, reaction mechanisms, and aromaticity and antiaromaticity. He served as president of the American Chemical Society in 1996 and has authored a book for the general public, Chemistry Today and Tomorrow The Central, Useful, and Creative Science. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the American Philosophical Society. He received the U.S. National Medal of Science in 1991. 

Dr. Comyns was one of the founders of the Applied Solid State Chemistry Group of the Royal Society of Chemistry. He has been Chairman of the Industrial Inorganic Chemicals Group of the Royal Society of Chemistry and Chairman of the Liverpool Section of the Society of Chemical Industry. 

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