Chemiluminescence detection toxicity

Present research is devoted to investigation of application of luminol reactions in heterogeneous systems. Systems of rapid consecutive reactions usable for the determination of biologically active, toxic anions have been studied. Anions were quantitatively converted into chemiluminescing solid or gaseous products detectable on solid / liquid or gas / liquid interface. Methodology developed made it possible to combine concentration of microcomponents with chemiluminescence detection and to achieve high sensitivity of determination. 

Fecal analysis provides the best index of an oral exposure to nickel and expired air should be the specimen for chemiluminescent detection of nickel carbonyl following inhalation of this toxic vapor [62]. Analyses of nickel in other specimens, such as saliva, sweat, milk, and hair, are only useful in special cases. 

Nickel Carbonyl The extremely toxic gas nickel carbonyl can be detected at 0.01 ppb by measuring its chemiluminescent reaction with ozone in the presence of carbon monoxide. The reaction produces excited nickel(II) oxide by a chain process which generates many photons from each pollutant molecule to permit high sensitivity (315). 

The methods of investigation of metal species in natural waters must possess by well dividing ability and high sensitivity and selectivity to determination of several metal forms. The catalytic including chemiluminescent (CL) techniques and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) are the most useful to determination of trace metals and their forms. The methods considered ai e characterized by a low detection limits. Moreover, they allow detection of the most toxic form of metals, that is, metal free ions and labile complexes. 

In this study, we report the effect of sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose and trehalose) on Al3+-induced cell death and 02 generation in tomato cell suspension culture using cell death detection dye, Evans blue and 02o -specific chemiluminescent probe, Cypridina luciferin analogue.. Then, the possible roles for trehalose in reduction of Al3+ toxic effects in plants are discussed. 

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is also used for the detection of toxic compounds. A chemiluminescence test based on the reaction of luminol and an oxidant in the presence of the enzyme HRP has been developed to indicate the presence of toxins in a sample. The HRP-catalyzed reaction produces light that is measured by a lumi-nometer or a luminescence transducer. This enzyme has been used to detect a range of compounds such as phenols, amines, heavy metals, or compounds that interact with the enzyme, reduce light output, and indicate contamination. Test kits such as the Eclox Water Test Kit (Seven Trent Services, U.K.) is based on the use of HRP in the test format described earlier. This type of test is designed for the qualitative assessment of water samples for a range to compounds that inhibit the HRP activity. 

Because of the very high toxicity of NDMA, sensitive analytical methods (suitable for levels in parts per 10 range) have been developed, all involving GC separation. Various mass spectrometric detection strategies have been employed to overcome the problem of possible direet interferences at the low m/z values employed (moleeular mass of NMDA is 74 Da), as described below. Earlier methods (e.g. BUledeau 1987 Tomkins 1995) used GC with detection by the so-called thermal energy analyzer , which is in fact a GC detector based on a chemiluminescent reaction of ozone with nitric oxide (NO) produced... 

Reagents and detection Chemiluminescence emitted by bacteria is decreased due to the presence of toxic products... 

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