Chemicals environmental pollution

The most common obsessions faced by patients with OCD involve fears of contamination. This fear may focus on germs and infectious diseases, household chemicals, environmental pollutants, or bodily wastes. These contamination obsessions most often result in washing compulsions but may also produce compulsive visits to health care providers. Obsessional doubts (e.g., Did I remember to. .. ) are typically associated with checking compulsions. Another common obsession, need for symmetry and exacmess, leads to compulsive arranging, ordering, or counting. Obsessions may also be aggressive, somatic, or sexual in content. 

Ten Houten, J. G. Chemicals, environmental pollution, animals and plants." Mededlingen Fakultett Landbouwwetenschappen, Gent. (1973) 38 511-612. 

Until quite recently, chemical monitoring relied exclusively on determining the concentrations of certain chemical compounds (selected as indicators of chemical environmental pollution) in water samples, sediments, or soils using classical analytical methods. From a theoretical point of view, the best use of the appropriate analytical methods would be to provide a full analytical characterization of the environment, that is, to determine the concentrations of all known and unknown pollutants in each of its compartments. However, it is doubtful whether such a task is possible or even relevant, bearing in mind... 

T Tnequivocal identification of pesticides, pesticide metabolites, and other chemical environmental pollutants in most cases requires more evidence than can be provided by a single chromatographic method. Several approaches may be utilized to secure firm proof of identity. For example, supportive chromatographic data such as relative retention... 

Ramaswamy SS. 1975. Relevance of biochemical parameters as indicators of toxic effects in workers exposed to toxic chemicals. Environmental Pollution and Human Health, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Industrial Toxicology 166-177. 

Sensitisation may be produced by non-occupational environmental exposure. For example, three subjects were shown to be TDI sensitive by the simulated occupational test, where the causal exposure was from the exhaust fumes from an adjoining factory which had been sucked into the ventilating system of their warehouse. TDI was found in the air filters (Carroll et al. 1976). Sensitisation at home by two-can do it yourself polyurethane-TDI foam aerosol cans (Peters and Murphy 1971) and other forms of domestic exposure have been reported. Patients of this sort would, in the absence of histories of sensitivity or reactions to the common allergens, and the adult (late) onset of their asthma, be classified as having cryptogenic (intrinsic) asthma. The extent to which sensitivity of this sort to chemical environmental pollutants may be responsible for some cases of cryptogenic asthma will obviously need to be determined. 

A Real Time X-Ray Inspection System is introduced to replace Film X-Ray. The main objective is to reduce the consumption of film and to reduce the environmental pollution due to lead intensifying screens and chemicals. Other benefits are the reduction of space to storage X-ray data and the shorter inspection time, which gives a faster feed back to production. 

Alfodi, T. T., Satellite remote sensing for smoke plume definition, in Proceedings of the 4th Joint Conference on Sensing of Environmental Pollutants. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1978, pp. 258-261. 

Offers direct access to virtually all of the world s scientific and data bases for toxicology and related information. Covers chemicals, pesticides, food additives, industrial chemicals, heavy metals, environmental pollutants, and pharmaceuticals. The Center is online to more than 400 computerized databases, including DIALOG, MEDLARS, STN International, ITIS, and DROLS. It performs searches for outside users for a fee. 

Baughman GL, Lassiter RR. 1978. Prediction of environmental pollutant concentration. In Carins J Jr, Dickson KL, Maxi AW, eds. Estimating the hazard of chemical substances to aquatic life. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA. ASTM STP657, 35-54. 

Wania F, Hoff JT, Jia CQ, et al. 1998. The effects of snow and ice on the environmental behaviour of hydrophobic organic chemicals. Environ Pollut 102 25-41. 

More recently, with the end of the Cold War, there has been a reduction in their stockpiles, in keeping with arms reduction treaties. At the same time, it has come to light that badly disposed canisters containing chemical weapons and originating from World War II are still around, for example, in some areas of the Baltic Sea. Thns, qnestions have been asked about their possible importance as environmental pollutants. 

TYPES OF POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY... 

Xenobiotics are chemical compounds foreign to the body, such as drugs, food additives, and environmental pollutants more than 200,000 have been identified. 

Today s society asks for technology that has a minimum impact on the environment. Ideally, chemical processes should be clean in that harmful byproducts or waste are avoided. Moreover, the products, e.g. fuels, should not generate environmental problems when they are used. The hydrogen fuel cell (Chapter 8) and the hydrodesulfurization process (Chapter 9) are good examples of such technologies where catalysts play an essential role. However, harmful emissions cannot always be avoided, e.g. in power generation and automotive traffic, and here catalytic clean-up technology helps to abate environmental pollution. This is the subject of this chapter. 

Ribbons DW, RW Eaton (1982) Chemical transformations of aromatic hydrocarbons that support the growth of microorganisms. In Biodegradation and detoxification of environmental pollutants (Ed AM Chakrabarty), pp. 59-84. CRC Press, Boca Raton. 

The chemical events described above are the basis for the removal of arsines (R3 As) in crude oil or in raw gas condensates, which are known to cause major environmental pollution, equipment corrosion and reduction of catalyst life time (including automotive converters). It was recently demonstrated that these compounds can be completely removed by feedstock hydrotreatment on nickel-based catalysts under FI2 at 160-200 °C [140]. 

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