Chemically effective field-effect transistor

In recent years further concepts have been developed for the construction of polymer-based diodes, requiring either two conjugated polymers (PA and poly(A-methyl-pyrrole) 2 > or poly(A-methylpyrrole in a p-type silicon wafer solid-state field-effect transistor By modifying the transistor switching, these electronic devices can also be employed as pH-sensitive chemical sensors or as hydrogen or oxygen sensors 221) in aqueous solutions. Recently a PPy alcohol sensor has also been reported 222). 

Janata, J. Chemically Sensitive Field Effect Transistors, in Solid State Chemical Sensors (Janata, J., Huber, R. J., eds.) New York Academic Press 1985, p. 65... 

Kolesar ES, Wiseman JM. 1991. Selective detection of nitrogen-dioxide and diisopropyl methylphosphonate with an interdigitated gate electrode field-effect transistor (IGEFET). Sensors and Actuators B - Chemical 5(l-4) 37-46. 

Shin JE. 1989. Evaluation of chemically-sensitive field-effect transistors for detection of organophosphorus compounds. Wright-Patterson AFB, OH Air Force Institute of Technology. NTIS No. AD-A215-536. 

Comparable is the CHEMFET (Chemical Field Effect Transistor), a chemical sensor on a FET, e.g., for H , Na, K and Ca2+ in blood, four CHEMFETs had been mounted on one plate [Clin. Chem., 30 (1984) 1361. 

The silver(I) complexes with the tetrakis(methylthio)tetrathiafulvalene ligand have been reported, the nitrate salt presents a 3D structure with an unprecedented 4.16-net porous inorganic layer of silver nitrate,1160 the triflate salt presents a two interwoven polymeric chain structure.1161 The latter behaves as a semiconductor when doped with iodine. With a similar ligand, 2,5-bis-(5,5,-bis(methylthio)-l,3,-dithiol-2 -ylidene)-l,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene, a 3D supramolecular network is constructed via coordination bonds and S"-S contacts. The iodine-doped compound is highly conductive.1162 (Methylthio)methyl-substituted calix[4]arenes have been used as silver-selective chemically modified field effect transistors and as potential extractants for Ag1.1163,1164... 

G.F. Blackburn, Chemically sensitive field-effect transistors, in Biosensors Fundamentals and Applications (A.P.F. Turner, I. Karube, and G.S. Wilson, eds), pp. 481-530. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1987). 

Chemically modified waxes, 26 220 Chemically resistant fibers, 13 389 Chemically sensitive field-effect transistors (ChemFETs), 22 269. See also Field effect transistors (FETs)... 

Low-cost, disposable, Si02/Si3N4 chemical field effect transistor (ChemFET) microsensors have been fabricated for pH measurements and adapted to biochemical applications by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) enzymatic layers deposited and patterned... 

Polythiophenes (PTs)/CNTs composites have emerged as an intriguing system for use as photovoltaic devices and field effect transistors [57]. Swager and Bao independently reported methods for the assembling of PTs/CNTs systems and showed their great potential as transparent conductive films [58]. Another interesting application arises from the possibility to functionalize the polythiophene backbone for applications as chemical sensors [134]. 

CNTs can be easily doped by noncovalent means via molecular adsorption, an aspect that has been considerably exploited to develop ultrasensitive field effect transistor sensors [88-91]. However, substitutional doping with B and N to confer p and n character to the CNTs has also been carried out [92]. Such doped systems can be more susceptible to react with donors or acceptors molecules (depending on the doping) allowing the chemically reactivity to increase. 

J. Janata and R. J. Huber, Chemically sensitive field effect transistors. Chapter 3 of... 

Javey A, Tu R, Farmer DB et al (2005) High performance n-type carbon nanotube field-effect transistors with chemically doped contacts. Nano Lett 5 345-348... 

Liu S, Shen Q, Cao Y et al (2010) Chemical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistors as switches and sensors. Coord Chem Rev 254 1101-1116... 

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