Chemical terrorism detection

FIGURE 53.1. Detection and identification in chemical terrorism countermeasure and chemical weapon disposal. 

Early detection and control of chemical attacks depends on a strong and flexible health care system. Efforts by primary health-care providers to detect and respond to chemical terrorism will strengthen the nations capacity for identification and controlling injuries. 

Takada,Y.,Nagano, H., Suzuki,Y, Sugiyama,M.,Nakajima, E., Hashimoto, Y., Sakairi, M. (2011) High-throughput walkthrough detection portal for counter terrorism detection of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) vapor by atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization ion trap mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 25, 2448. 

In 1996, the DoD established the DPP. One of its objectives is to enhance federal, state, and local emergency responders capabilities to respond to nuclear, biological and chemical terrorism incidents. Emergency responders who encounter a potentially contaminated area must survey the area for the presence of toxic compounds, including CWAs and explosives. Vapor content detectors commonly used or commercially available must be evaluated for their ability to effectively detect and identify CWAs. 

PFA POD PROACT PROTECT probability of false alarms probability of detection Protective and Response Options for Airport Counter-Terrorism Program for Response Options and Technology Enhancements for Chemical/Biological Terrorism... 

Support Function Protective Clothing for Hazardous Chemicals Operations - NFPA 1993. Quincy, MA. Technical Bulletin - Assay Techniques for Detection of Exposure To Sulfur Mustard, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Terrorism Incident Annex to the Federal Response Plan. Washington, D.C. 1995. 

Selective, highly sensitive sensors that can detect trace amounts of explosive vapors in real time are needed to help combat terrorism [1-4], Trace detection of explosives, however, is a formidable task. Selectivity is difficult to achieve because many chemicals can be used as explosives, and they differ from each other in their chemical properties. The extremely small vapor pressures of the explosives make it challenging to achieve highly sensitive vapor-based detection. Also, because the terrorist threat is very broad, combating it requires widespread deployment of inexpensive, low-power-consuming sensors. Therefore, devices... 

Chemical detectors. 2. Explosives—Detection. 3. Terrorism—Prevention. 

Analytical chemistry impacts on every aspect of modern life. The food and drink we consume is tested for chemical residues and appropriate nutritional content by analytical chemists. Our health is monitored by chemical tests (e.g. cholesterol, glucose), and international trade is underpinned by measurements of what is being traded (e.g. minerals, petroleum). Courts rely more and more on forensic evidence provided by chemistry (e.g. DNA, gun-shot residues), and the war on terrorism has caused new research into detection of explosives and their components. Every chemical measurement must deliver a result that is sufficiently accurate to allow the user to make appropriate decisions it must be fit for purpose. 

Military In consideration of potential terror acts with chemical and biological weapons a fast test for different kinds of chemicals and organisms is required. In a single microarray experiment various toxins and biological species can be detected with specific detection probes (generated antibodies). 

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