Characterization of Microcapsules

Lamprecht A, Schafer UP, Lehr CM. 2000a. Characterization of microcapsules by confocal laser scanning microscopy Structure, capsule wall composition and encapsulation rate. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 49 1-9. 

Liao, L. P Zhang, W. Xin, Y. Wang, H. M. Zhao, Y Li, W. J. Preparation and characterization of microcapsule containing epoxy resin and its self-healing performance of anticorrosion covering material. Chinese Science Bulletin (2011), 56(4-5), 439-443. 

There is a diversity of both natural and synthetic polymeric systems that have been analyzed and studied for the entrapment of bioactive molecules and their controlled release. The use of FT-MIR spectroscopy to characterize their specific fingerprint is a pre-requisite for an appropriate characterization of microcapsules. 

Leclercq S., Harlander K.R., and Reineccius G., 2009. Formation and characterization of microcapsules by complex coacervation with liquid or solid aroma cores. Flavour Fragrance Journal, 24, 17-24. 

Borreguero, A.M. Valverde, J.L. Rodriguez, J.F. Barber, A.H. Cubillo, J.J. Carmona, M. Synthesis and characterization of microcapsules containing Rubitherm RT27 obtained by spray drying. Chem Eng J166 (2011) 384-390. 

Suryanarayana, C., Rao, K. C., and Kumar, D. Preparation and characterization of microcapsules containing linseed oil and its use in self-healing coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 63 (1), 72-78 (2008). 

McFarland, B., Popwell, S., and Pojman, J.A. (2006) Free-radical frontal polymerization with a microencapsulated initiator characterization of microcapsules and their effect on pot life, front velocity and mechanical properties. Macromolecules, 39, 53-63. 

Wu, Q. Lu, J.P. Qu, B.J. Preparation and characterization of microcapsulated red phosphorus and its flame-retardant mechanism in halogen-free flame retardant polyolefins. Polym. Int. 2003, 52(8), 1326-1331. 

Baracat MM, Nakagawa AM, Casagrande R, Georgetti SR, Verri WA Jr, de Freitas O. Preparation and characterization of microcapsules based on biodegradable polymers Pectin/casein complex for controlled drug release systems. AAPS PharmSciTech. 13 (2) 364-372, 2012. 

Sakai, S., Ono, T., Ijima, H. and Kawakami, K. (2001) Synthesis and transport characterization of alginate/ aminopropylsilicate/alginate microcapsule application to bioartificial pancreas. Biomaterials, 22, 2827-2834. 

Model Membranes and Their Characteristics Liposome preparation and size characterization, 171, 193 preparation of microcapsules from human erythrocytes use in transport experiments of glutathione and its S-conjugate, 171, 217 planar lipid-protein membranes strategies of formation and of detecting dependencies of ion transport functions on membrane conditions, 171,... 

Ameodo, C., Benoit, J.P., and Thies, C. (1987). Characterization of complex coacervates used to form microcapsules. Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 57, 255-259. 

Mathiowitz E and Cohen MD. Polyamide microcapsules for controlled release. I. Characterization of the membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 1989 40 1-26. 

The polymer employed to prepare microspheres must be characterized in terms of molecular weight and purity,however this topic is beyond the scope of this article. Characterization of the materials may have implications for the formation of the microspheres. The viscosity and film-forming properties of the polymers used should be known. Viscosity can affect the tendency to form microspheres, their size, and even their shape. Burgess and coworkers have shown that albumin-acacia coacervates do not form microcapsules under certain conditions of pH and ionic strength, if the viscosity of the coacervate phase is too high. Burgess and Carless developed a method to predict the optimum conditions for complex coacer-vation based on the charge carried by the two polymers involved. 

Li, Y Guozheng, L. Jianqiang, X. Lan, L. ling, G. Preparation and characterization of polyfureaformaldehyde) microcapsules filled with epoxy resins. Polymer A1(15), 5338-5349, 2006. 

Lee, J.K. Liu, X., Yoon, S.H. Characterization of diene monomers as self-healing agent for polymer composite and its microcapsules. In Conference Proceedings, Society of Plastics Engineers, Annual Technical Conference 2005, ANTEC 2005, vol. 6, pp. 264-268. 

Scarfato, P. Avallone, E. lannelli, R De Eeo, V. Acierno, D. Synthesis and characterization of polyurea microcapsules containing essential oils with antigerminative activity. Journal of Applied Polymer Science (2007), 105(6), 3568-3577. 

Lu, S. Xing, J. Zhang, Z. Jia, G. Preparation and characterization of polyurea/polyurethane doubleshell microcapsules containing butyl stearate through interfacial polymerization. Journal of Applied Polymer Science (2011), 121(6), 3377-3383. 

Xian, R. Fu, X. Zheng, Y. Liang, X. Wang, Q. Ling, Y. Hon, B. The preparation and characterization of double-layer microcapsules used for the self-healing of resin matrix composites. Journal of Materials Chemistry (2012), 22(48), 25437-25446. 

Hwang, J. Kim, J. Wee, Y. et al. Preparation and characterization of melamine-formaldehyde resin microcapsules containing fragrant oil. Biotechnology and bioprocess engineering (2006), 11, 332-336. 

Pena B, de Menorval L-C, Garcia Vails R, Gumi T. Characterization of polysulfone and polysulfone/ vanillin microcapsules by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, solid-state (13)C CP/MAS-NMR spectroscopy, and N(2) adsorption desorption analyses. ACS Appl Mater Interf. 2011 3(ll) 4420-4430. 

Pena B, Panisello C, Arest G, Garcia-Valls R, Gum T. Preparation and characterization of polysulfone microcapsules for perfume release. Chem. Eng. J. 2012 179 394-403. 

Torras C, Pitol L, Garcia Vails R. Two methods for morphological characterization of internal microcapsule structures. J Membr Sci. 2007 305(l-2) l-4. 

Chen, H. Ouyang, W. Jones, M. Metz, T. Martoni, C. Haque, T. Cohen, R. Lawuyi, B. Prakash, S. Preparation and characterization of novel polymeric microcapsules for live cell encapsulation and therapy. Cell Biochem. Biophys. 2007, 47 (1), 159-167. 

Podshivalov, A. V., Bronnikov, S., Zuev, V. V., Jiamrungraksa, T., and Charuchinda, S. (2013). Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane-urea microcapsules containing galangal essential oil Statistical analysis of encapsulation. Jourrwl of Microencapsulation, 30,198-203. 

Wang, Y., Jiang, Z.-T., and Li, R. (2009). Complexation and molecular microcapsules of Litsea cubeba essential oil with p-cyclodextrin and its derivatives. European Food Research and Technology, 228, 865-873. Z., Liu, B., Zheng, Z.-K., You, X.-K., Ihi, Y.-T., and Li, Q. (2009). Eheparation and characterization of P-cyclodextrin inclusion compound of essential oil from Rosa damascena miller. Food Science, 30, 29-32. 

Haixia W., Haifeng S., Agnes C.C., and John H.X. Microencapsulation of vitamin C by interfacial/ emulsion reaction Characterization of release properties of microcapsules. J Control. Release 152(1) (2011) e78-e79. 

Ma, Y Chu, X. Li, W. Tang, G. Preparation and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene) microcapsules containing phase change temperature adjustable binary core materials. 

Alay, S. Alkan, C. Gode, F. Synthesis and characterization of poly(methylmethacrylate)/n-hexadecane microcapsules using different cross-linkers and their application to some fabrics. Thermochim Acta 518 (2011) 1-8. 

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