Ceramic oxygen-transporting membrane

Table 6.1 summarizes the materials projterties desired for operation of a pressure-driven ceramic oxygen transport membrane. 

Tab. 6.1 Desired materials properties for ceramic oxygen transport membranes used for oxygen separation...

Garcia-Torregrosa, 1., Lobera, M.P., Solis, C., Atienzar, P., and Serra, J.M. (2011) Development of CO2 protective layers by spray pyrolysis for ceramic oxygen transport membranes. Adv, Energy Mater., 1, 618-625. 

A separate Oxygen Transport Membrane (OTM) Syngas Alliance was formed in 1997 and includes Amoco Production Company, British Petroleum, Praxair, Statoil, Foster Wheeler and Sasol Technology. This alliance is developing ceramic membrane technology that will economically convert natural gas to synthesis gas190. 

Guizard C and Julbe A. Nanophase ceramic ion transport membranes for oxygen separation and gas stream enrichment. In Kanello-poulos NK (ed.). Recent Advances in Gas Separation by Microporous Ceramic Membranes. Amsterdam Elsevier 2000 435 71. 

The process that is the subject of this article consists of the use of high temperature ceramic membranes that selectively transport oxygen. They are referred to with several acronyms of which ITM (Ion Transport Membranes), OTM (Oxygen Transport Membranes) and MIEC (Mixed Ionic Electronic Conducting) membranes prevail. We will use ITM throughout this article. 

Air separation membranes are typically dense ceramic (typically perovskite) membranes, which selectively permeate oxygen in ionic form. Over the past two decades. Air Products (ITMs) and Praxair (oxygen transport membranes [OTMs]) have worked towards the commercial scale-up of these membranes for applications in power generation, gasification, and gas to liquid conversion [94]. Air Products has focused on a planar configuration, whereas Praxair on tubular membranes. 

Jeon, S. Y., Im, H. N., Singh, B., Hwang, J. H., Song, S. J. (2013). A thermodynamically stable La2Ni04+8/Gdo.iCeo.90i,95 bilayer oxygen transport membrane in membrane-assisted water splitting for hydrogen production. Ceramic Interfaces, 39(4), 3893—3899. 

Application in catalyst and inorganic membranes preparation. J. Mater. Chem. 1999 9 55-65 Guizard C., Julbe A. Nanophase ceramic ion transport membranes for oxygen separation and gas stream enrichment. In Recent Advances in Gas Separation by Microporous Ceramic Membranes, Kanellopoulos N.K., ed., Amsterdam Elsevier, 2000, pp. 435-471 Guizard C., Barboiu M., Bac A., Hovnanian N. Hybrid organic-inorganic membranes with specific transport properties. Applications in separation and sensors technology. Separ. Purif. Technol. 2001 25 167-180... 

Oxygen transport through the solid state can be caused by the difference in both electrical and chemical potentials. The last effect can be used for the development of oxygen-selective ceramic membranes. The demands of materials for such membranes are similar to the demands for solid electrolytes high density in order to prevent physical penetration of the gas and a high coefficient of oxygen... 

FI CU RE 4.29 A schematic illustration of the ion transport membrane (ITM) device developed and patented by Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. The supported membrane wafers are separated by spacer rings and attached to a common product withdrawal tube. (From Armstrong P. A., Stein V.E.E., Bennet D.I., Foster E.P., Ceramic Membrane Development for Oxygen Sypply to Gasification Applications, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, PA, 2002. With permission.)... 

Dense ceramic ion-conducting membranes (CICMs) are emerging as an important class of inorganic membranes based on fluorite- or perovskite-derived crystalline structures [18]. Most of the ion-conducting ceramics discovered to date exhibit a selective ionic oxygen transport at high temperatures >700°C. Ionic transport in these membranes is based on the following successive mechanisms [25] ... 

FIGURE 6.32 Schematic diagram of an integrated distributor/extractor membrane reactor based on the combination of dense ceramic oxygen and hydrogen transport membrane for syngas production. 

---