Ceramic modulators

03-PbTi03 (PMN-PT), Pb(Znj Nb2 )03-PbTi03 (PZN-PT) and, more recently, lead free materials derived from Kg Nag jNb03 (KNN)-based perovskites. 

Ceramic PLZT has a number of structures, depending upon composition, and can show both the Pockels (linear) electro-optic effect in the ferroelectric rhombohedral and tetragonal phases and the Kerr (quadratic) effect in the cubic paraelectric state. Because of the ceramic nature of the material, the non-cubic phases show no birefringence in the as-prepared state and must be poled to become useful electro-optically (Section 6.4.1). PMN-PT and PZN-PT are relaxor ferroelectrics. These have an isotropic structure in the absence of an electric field, but this is easily altered in an applied electric field to give a birefringent electro-optic material. All of these phases, with optimised compositions, have much higher electro-optic coefficients than LiNb03 and are actively studied for device application. 

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Such ceramic hollow hbers can be assembled in fully ceramic modules of a thousand hbers exhibiting surfaceivolume rahos of about 2 m L-1. Different types of mesoporous, microporous, or dense separative layers have been deposited usually on the outer surface of macroporous hoUow hbers using y-alumina, ... 

T. Imasaka, N. Kanekuni, H. So and S. Yoshino, Gas-liquid two-phase cross-flow filtration by ceramic modules. Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu, 15 (1989) 638-644. 

A very general question within this modular concept is the choice of circuit board and connection technology. Each pathway in Figure 5.8.7 corresponds to a possible way of building a sensor. Metal packages can be welded directly onto metal inlay parts, and ceramic modules can be directly bonded. All the illustrated modules contain a printed circuit board (PCB). 

Lu, Z., Wang, G., Roohani-Esfahani, I., Dunstan, C.R., and Zreiqat, H. (2014) Baghdadite ceramics modulate the crosstalk between human adipose stem cells and osteoblasts for bone regeneration. Tissue Eng. A, 20 (5-6), 992-1002. 

Ceramic module and vibrating/rotating module costs reduced to U.S. 400/m. ... 

After preparation, the ceramic modules were introduced in the manufacturing chain of Aluminium die casting. 

Figure VIII 9. Cross section of a monolithic ceramic module...

Filter (US Filter, 2002). Each ceramic module integrates 19 channels 1.02 m long with a diameter of 4 mm for a total area of 0.24m. Recommended maximum pressure and crossflow velocity are 10(X) kPa and 3 m/s, respectively. It is assumed that the batch size is 5000 L and that the plant capacity is at least 1000 L/h. The feed concentration is 5 g/L and the product must have a concentration of 50 g/L. 

B. T. Clark and Y. M. HUl, IBM Multichip Multilayer Ceramic Modules for LSI Chips-Design for Performance and Density , IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology, Vol. CHMT-3, No. I, March, (1980), pp. 89-93. 

W. W. Koste, Electron Beam Processing of Interconnection Structures in Multilayer Ceramic Modules, Metall. Trans., Vol. 2, No. 3, (1971), pp. 729. 

IBM Corporation, which had used an alumina cofired ceramic modules in its System 360 in the early 1980s, developed an LTCC system to replace the alumina-based system. The history of this development is well documented in Ref. 31. Salient features of the IBM system are as follows ... 

After the drying process, the YSZhoUow fiber with Pd/Ag membrane was unwrapped and assembled into a tubular ceramic module. Oxidation of the xerogel formed during the drying process was carried out in a tubular furnace. The temperature was increased from room temperature to 400°C at a rate of 5°C and held for 1 h. An air flow was introduced into the lumen to complete the oxidation process, and argon was introduced on the outer surface of the Pd/Ag membrane throughout this process to prevent oxidation of the Pd/Ag membrane, which may cause the formation of pin-holes. 

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