Centrifugal compressors components

The inward-flow radial turbine has many components similar to a centrifugal compressor. There are two types of inward-flow radial turbines the cantilever and the mixed-flow. The cantilever type in Figure 1-34 is similar to an axial-flow turbine, but it has radial blading. However, the cantilever turbine is not popular because of design and production difficulties. 

Mixed-Flow Turbine. The turbine as shown in Figure 1-35, is almost identical to a centrifugal compressor—except its components have different functions. The scroll is used to distribute the gas uniformly around the periphery of the turbine. 

Materials of Construction. The principal materials of construction are ferrous throughout, but different grades are used for the different components. Casings usually are in cast iron or cast steel, and impellers may be in the same materials or in fabricated steel. Early designs of centrifugal compressors used riveted assembly for impellers castings or welded construetions are preferred today. Shafts usually are of carbon steel with hardened or stainless steel sleeves at points where erosion is likely. The selection of materials for smaller components that may be subject to friction is particularly important because of the danger of comlnistion. 

Chemical engineering processes involve the transport and transfer of momentum, energy, and mass. Momentum transfer is another word for fluid flow, and most chemical processes involve pumps and compressors, and perhaps centrifuges and cyclone separators. Energy transfer is used to heat reacting streams, cool products, and run distillation columns. Mass transfer involves the separation of a mixture of chemicals into separate streams, possibly nearly pure streams of one component. These subjects were unified in 1960 in the first edition of the classic book. Transport Phenomena (Bird et al., 2002). This chapter shows how to solve transport problems that are one-dimensional that is, the solution is a function of one spatial dimension. Chapters 10 and 11 treat two- and three-dimensional problems. The one-dimensional problems lead to differential equations, which are solved using the computer. 

A number of rotating components are in common use in process plants, e.g. turbines, compressors, pumps, centrifuges and stirring paddles, and it is important to understand how such pieces of equipment are affected by the conservation of energy. For a rotating component, the principle of conservation of energy states that... 

The CCR Platforming process typically requires compression of the separator vapor through one or more net gas compressors, which are typically reciprocating or centrifugal type compressors. The compressed gas is directed to the recovery section, which recovers valuable liquid components present in the separator gas stream to the stabilizer inlet stream. The recovery section also increases the recovery and purity of the hydrogen in the net gas stream. The design of recovery section can include a chiller system to increase the recovery of liquid components. 

The components of a designed plant can be derived from the components list AH main abrogates such as vessels, pumps, compressors, heat exchanger, reactors, rectifications columns, centrifuges, agitators etc. with more or less detailed specifications are listed. The components list is already being prepared within the framework of the basic engineering and has to be completed, amended or extended, if required. 

Beyond the applications already mentioned, HIP-treated materials can also be found in components and equipment in centrifuges, subsea and offshore equipment, compressors and turbines, and nuclear energy and space applications [7-9]. 

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