Central Equatorial Pacific

Landry, M. R., Barber, R. T., Bidigare, R. R. et al. (1997). Iron and grazing constraints on primary production in the central equatorial Pacific and EqPac synthesis. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42,405-418. 

Murray, J. W., Young, J., Newton, J. et al. (1996). Export flux of particulate organic carbon from the central equatorial Pacific determined using a combined drifting trap- Th approach. Deep-Sea Res. II 45,1095-1132. 

Yamazaki, T, Katsura, I. and Marumo, K. (1991) Origin of stable remanent magnetization of siliceous sediments in the central equatorial Pacific. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 105, 81—93. 

Duime JP, Murray JW, Rodier M, Hansell DA (2000) Export flux in the western and central equatorial Pacific zone and temporal variability. Deep-Sea Res 147 901-936 Eppley RW, Peterson BJ (1979) Particulate organic matter flux and planktonic new production in the deep ocean. Nature 282 670-680... 

Marcantonio F, Anderson RF, Higgins S, Stute M, Schlosser P, Kubik PW (2001b) Sediment focusing in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean. Paleoceanography 16(3) 260-267 Marcantonio F, Kumar N, Stute M, Anderson RF, Seidl MA, Schlosser P, Mix A (1995) A comparative study of accumulation rates derived by He and Th isotope analysis of marine sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Letters 133 549-555... 

Murray RW, Knowlton C, Leinen M, Mix AC, Polsky CH (2000) Export production and carbonate dissolution in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean over the past 1 Myr. Paleoceanography 15(6) 570-592... 

Hernes, P.J., J.I. Hedges, M.L. Peterson, S.G. Wakeham, and C. Lee. 1996. Neutral carbohydrate geochemistry of particulate material in the central equatorial Pacific. Deep-Sea Research 1143 1181-1204. 

Parameters influencing the distribution of calcium carbonate with increasing water depth in equatorial Pacific sediment. Note that fi is reported as a percentage (%). Source From van Andel, Tj. H., et al. (1975). Cenozoic History and Paleoceanography of the Central Equatorial Pacific Ocean, Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, p. 40. 

The vertical trends in POM fluxes exhibit temporal and geographic variability. This was shown in Figure 23.3, in which seasonal shifts in surface productivity were seen to affect the subsurface particle fluxes even in deep waters. Other processes that can affect the sinking flux of POM include (1) in situ production by mid-water microbes or zooplankton and (2) lateral transport of POM via advective currents. Both can produce mid-water maxima in the sinking organic matter fluxes. Geographic variability in these fluxes is common. As illustrated in Figure 23.6 for the central equatorial Pacific Ocean,... 

Relative primary productivity, POC fluxes at 105 and 3000 m, and POC sediment accumulation rates versus latitude in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean. Data are normalized to the maximum value in each transect. Survey 1 was conducted during February-March 1992 under El Nino conditions and Survey 2 from August to September 1992 under non-El Nino conditions at longitudes ranging from 135 to 140°W. Ordinate scale is reset to 1.0 at each maximum, and the absolute magnitude (mmolCm ij-i) of each parameter is given next to its maximum. Source-. From Flernes, P. J., et al. (2001). Deep-Sea Research I 48, 1999-2023. 

Jasper JP, Hayes JM, Mix AC, Prahl EG (1994) Photosynthetic fractionation of C-13 and concentrations of dissolved C02 in the central equatorial Pacific, Paleoceanography 9 781-798 Javoy M, Pineau F, Delorme H (1986) Carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the mantle, Chem Geol 57 41-62... 

FIGURE 14.53 Measured values of the clear-sky greenhouse effect G [see Eq. (MM)] using measured upwelling infrared irradi-ance at an altitude corresponding to 191 mbar as a function of sea surface temperature (SST) over the central equatorial Pacific for SST > 300 K (adapted from Valero el at., 1997b). 

Conant, W. C., V. Ramanathan, F. P. J. Valero, and J. Meywerk, An Examination of the Clear-Sky Solar Absorption over the Central Equatorial Pacific Observations versus Models, J. Clim., 10, 1874-1884 (1997). 

Greenhut, G.K., and Bean, B.R., Aircraft measurements of boundary-layer turbulance over the central equatorial pacific ocean, Boundary Layer Meteorology, 20, 221-41, 1981. 

Hurd, D. C. and Theyer, F. Changes in the physical and chemical properties of biogenic silica from the central equatorial Pacific-- . Solubility, specific surface area, and solution rate constants of acid-cleaned samples, 211 230, in COLbb, Jr., T. R. P., editor) "Analytical Methods in Oceanography," Adv. Chem. Ser. 147, 1975. 

Hurd, D. C., Interactions of biogenic opal, sediment and seawater in the central equatorial Pacific, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 37, 2257-2282 (1973). 

Zafiriou, O. C., and McFarland, M. (1981). Nitric oxide production from nitrite photolysis in the central equatorial Pacific. J. Geophys. Res. 86(C6), 3173—3182. 

Carlson, C. A., and Ducklow, H. W. (1995). Dissolved organic carbon in the upper ocean of the central equatorial Pacific Ocean, 1992 Daily and fmescale vertical variations. Deep-Sea Research II 42(2-3), 639-656. 

Zhang, X., and Dam, H. G. (1997). Downward export of carbon by diel migrant mesozooplankton in the central equatorial Pacific. Deep Sea Res. II44, 2191—2202. 

Turk, D., Lewis, M. R., Harrison, G. W., Kawano, T., and Asanuma, I. (2001a). Geographical distribution of new production in the western/central equatorial Pacific during El Nino and non-El Nino conditions. /. Geophys. Res. 106, 4501—4515. 

Paytan, A., and Kastner, M. (1996). Benthic Ba fluxes in the central Equatorial Pacific, implications for the oceanic Ba cycle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 142(3-4), 439-450. 

Marcantonio F., Anderson R. F., Higgins S., Stute M., and Schlosser P. (2001) Sediment focusing in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean. Paleoceanography 16, 260-267. 

Farrell J. W. and Prell W. L. (1989) Climatic change and CaCOs preservation an 800,000 year bathymetric reconstruction from the central equatorial Pacific Ocean. Paleo-ceanography 4(4), 447-466. 

Lyle M. W., Prahl F. G., and Sparrow M. A. (1992) Upwelfing and productivity changes inferred from a temperature record in the central equatorial Pacific. Nature 355, 812—815. 

A number of oceanic regimes also produce twice-yearly flux maxima of alkenone production. In the Mediterranean, a fall bloom of alkenone production occurs (Ternois et al., 1996 Sicre et al., 1999). This is also tme off Hawaii (Cortes et al., 2001), in the central equatorial Pacific (Harada et al., 2001), in the Sea of Okhotsk (Broerse et al., 2000a), and in the Norwegian Sea (Thomsen et al., 1998). A lack of dissolved silica may inhibit diatom growth and promote haptophyte production during the fall months in such locations (Broerse et al., 2000a). 

Tiered sediment trap arrays present a picmre of how seasonal and episodic production works its way toward the seafloor. Nearly all such arrays show that the near-surface temporal variability is attenuated with depth. The seasonal variability, so evident in many shallow sediment trap time series, is reduced by factors of 2 (Broerse et al. (2000a), Sea of Okhotsk Ziveri et al. (2000), Northwest Atlantic Muller and Fischer (2001), northwest African margin), to 3 (Harada et al. (2001), central equatorial Pacific Thomsen et al. (1998), Norwegian Sea). This attenuation presumably comes both from the selective biological degradation of more labile hpids at shallow depths. 

Harada N., Handa N., Harada K., and Matsuoka H. (2001) Alkenones and particulate fluxes in sediment traps from the central equatorial Pacific. Deep-Sea Res. I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 48, 891-907. 

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