Cellulose ethyl ether

Ethyl Cellulose. Cellulose ethyl ether Ethocel. Prepd from wood pulp or chemical cotton by treatment with alkali and ethylation of the alkali cellulose with ethyl chloride. Review and bibliography E. Ott, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives (New York, 2nd ed., ]955). 

Cellulose, carboxymelhyl ether Cellulose, ethyl ether Cellulose, methyl ether Cholest-4-en-3-oI, 4-methyl- (3ot) Cholest-5-en-3-ol (3 3)- cholesterol ... 

Cellulose, ethyl ether Cellulose, methyl ether... 

Cellulose acetopropionate. See Cellulose acetate propionate Cellulose carboxymethyl ether Cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Cellulose crystalline. See Cellulose Cellulose, 2,5-diacetate. See Cellulose acetate Cellulose ethyl Cellulose ethylate Cellulose ethyl ether. See Ethylcellu-lose... 

Synonyms Cellulose ethyl Cellulose ethylate Cellulose ethyl ether EC Ethocel... 

In the production of methyl and ethyl ethers, the appropriate chloride is converted with alkali cellulose under alkali consumption. The product is rinsed with water and then spin-dried to a water content of 55%-60% and subsequently homogenized and compacted in a screw extender. Commercially, cellulose methyl ether is produced with DS = 1.6-2.0 and cellulose ethyl ether is produced with DS = 2.1-2.6. They are used as textile finishing materials, paint bases, and for injection-molded articles. 

Finally it is to be noted that incorrect results may be obtained if the macro-molecular substance exhibits a strong tendency to associate in the solvent chosen this may occur even at extreme dilution. Such a case has been reported by Steurer in solutions of cellulose ethyl ether in benzene . In case of doubt more than one solvent should hence be used. Complications may further result from the presence of electrolytes. These give rise to Donnan equilibria, which were treated in Volume I. 

Ethylcellulose, cellulose ethyl ether [EC] Natural, organic, polysaccharides... 

Ethyl cellulose Cellulose ethyl ether cellulose 9004-57-3 Cellulose, ethyl ether R (C2H60) Unk... 

Ethyl ether and ethyl alcohol which are formed as by-products are removed by distillation and the ethyl cellulose is precipitated by hot water. The polymer is then carefully washed to remove sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride and dried. 

When the source of initiation is altered from ionising radiation to UV, analogous additive effects to those previously discussed have been found. For reasonable rates of reaction, sensitisers such as benzoin ethyl ether (B) are required in these UV processes. Thus inclusion of mineral acid or lithium perchlorate in the monomer solution leads to enhancement in the photografting of styrene in methanol to polyethylene or cellulose (Table V). Lithium nitrate is almost as effective as lithium perchlorate as salt additive in these reactions (Table VI), hence the salt additive effect is independent of the anion in this instance. When TMPTA is included with mineral acid in the monomer solution, synergistic effects with the photografting of styrene in methanol to polyethylene are observed (Table VII) consistent with the analogous ionising radiation system. 

Glycol, Monoethers of. Several monoethers of glycol, including i so butyl ene glycol-2-mo no-ethylether, bp 148° and isobutyleneglyco 1-2-mo nom ethyl ether, bp 142° were prepd and patented by Edlund. They were claimed to be suitable as solvents for cellulose esters, gums, resins etc... 

Purification of cellulose for chromatography is by sequential washing with chloroform, ethanol, water, ethanol, chloroform and acetone. More extensive purification uses aqueous ammonia, water, hydrochloric acid, water, acetone and ethyl ether, followed by drying in a vacuum. Trace metals can be removed from filter paper by washing for several hours with 0.1M oxalic or citric acid, followed by repeated washing with distilled water. 

The ethyl ether of cellulose contains no less than 45% and not more them 50% ethoxy groups. It is available as a free-flowing stable white powder, insoluble in water, glycerol, and other hydrophilic solvents, but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ethylacetate, and chloroform. This cellulose derivative is mainly used as a tablet binder. 

In unmodified cellulose the hydroxyl groups give a large amount of hydrogen bonding which leads to insolubility in most solvents. On the other hand if these arc changed by chemical reactions to ether or ester groups a much more tractable material results. Cellulose acetate, butyrate and nitrate methyl and ethyl ether and carboxy methyl ether are widely used modified celluloses. Starches also are modified, but much less commercial success has been had with them. 

Grease-proof pulp, a bleached sulfite pulp from spruce, with high hemi-cellulose content, from Billerud-Uddeholm AB, Saffle, Sweden. Ethyl cellulose, three samples prepared from alkali cellulose and ethyl chloride to low degrees of substitution (DS) about 0.25, 0.4 and 0.6 ethyl ether groups per glucose unit. 

Cellulose reacts with a,/3-unsaturated compounds containing strongly electron-attracting groups to form substituted ethyl ethers. The most common derivative of this type is cyanoethylcellulose. Cyanoethylation requires strongly basic catalysts and is usually carried out in the presence of sodium hydroxide with acrylonitrile as reagent ... 

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