Cellulose derivatives packaging

Vinyl monomers that can be grafted to cellulose to achieve adhesive properties are acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, and many others. Graft copolymers of cellulose derivatives have also found use as adhesives. For example, vinylacetate-grafted hydroxyethylcellulose can be used as an adhesive for packaging and tile ( ). Grafting of vinyl monomers onto lignocellulosic materials can convert them into suitable adhesive materials (0). 

Package Starch/cellulose derivates Reduction of synthetic polymers, increase biodegradablility... 

The insoluble cellulose derivatives utilized for permeation control of various species (e.g. oxygen and water vapor transport in coated pharmaceuticals, contact lenses, packaging, or water and solute transport through semi-permeable membranes in reverse osmosis, as well as drug release from reservoir systems) differ considerably in their permeability characteristics according to the type and extent of substitution, as well as their molar mass. However, very few comparative data are available from the literature on the polymers actually used in biological applications. Recently, new results have been published. Thus, Sprockel et al. [142] determined the water vapor transmission through various CA, CAT, CAB and CAPr films at different relative humidities (Table 22). 

Among the several cellulose derivatives are xylan-type hemicelluloses, which are the most abundant heteropolysaccharides derived as by-products from agricultural processes. Over the past few years their use in food packaging and other applications has increased considerably [121]. Hemicelluloses such arabinoxylan are hydrophilic polysaccharides and their films tend to show high water uptake, becoming a drawback in the production of materials for the food sector. In order to improve both mechanical and barrier properties, Sarossy et al. [122] adopted the... 

Highly oxidizable oils such as fish oils can be protected by a process known as microencapsulation, which coats the oil with a matrix of protein (gelatin, casein), carbohydrates (starch, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or cellulose derivatives) and lecithin. Microencapsulation provides protection against oxidation and imparts oxidative stability. The use of carboxymethylcellulose and cyclodextrins as coatings is claimed to provide better protection of oils by improved oxygen barrier properties. For special applications as nutritional supplements, fish oils enriched in n-3 PUFA are microencapsulated, in the presence of antioxidants, into a powder that is relatively stable at ambient temperatures. However, encapsulated fish oils can impart undesirable fishy taste when incorporated into food emulsions. More research and development is needed to evaluate potential applications and benefits of active packaging to increase the shelf life of fish oils and other highly oxidizable oils in foods. 

The main natural biomaterials for bioplastics are proteins, cellulose derivatives, alginates, pectins, starch and other polysaccharides. The solubility in water of the polysaccharide film is advantageous in situations where the film is consumed with the product, resulting in little change in the food s sensory properties. " Edible films based on proteins, polysaccharides or lipids minimize special care with the final package and increase food quality. ... 

Fundamental and derived properties of cellulose derivatives are presented concomitantly with applications in various life sciences (pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food, packaging). Emphasis is placed on drug delivery systems. Because most applications are related to solubility of the materials, the subject is reviewed with regard to this parameter derivatives soluble in water derivatives soluble in organic solvents derivatives soluble in organic media and organic solvents derivatives soluble in water and organic solvents. The data are presented on a comparative basis to emphasise the difference between similar derivatives. 167 refs. 

However, cellnlose based derivatives such as hydroxy or carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, and so on have been demonstrated to be commercially viable due to its easy processing and excellent film forming properties making it suitable for packaging applications. In eveiyday life, cellulose based packaging are commonly used as primary packaging snch as PE coated papers and bulk paper products as secondary packaging. 

Cellulose, an almost linear polymer of hydroglucose, is the most abimdantly occurring natural polymer on earth. Films made from cellulose derivatives tend to be water soluble, resistant to fats and oils, tough, and flexible (Baldwin, Nisperos, Hagenmaier, Baker, 1997 Cutter, Sumner, 2002 Krumel, Lindsay, 1976). A number of cellulose derivatives are produced commercially, most commonly carboxy-methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and cellulose acetate (CA). Of these derivatives, only CA is widely used in packaging of baked goods and fresh produce. Cellulosic derivatives such as hydroxy propyl... 

A good illustrative example of the value of ATR sampling is a cellophane overwrap from a package of chewing gum. That the primary component is cellophane (a cellulose derivative with a glycerol plasticizer) can be easily established from the transmission spectrum (see Figure 10.8). 

Paper products (newsprint, tissue, packaging, etc.) are made from pulps that consist of natural fibers derived from vascular plants such as trees, sugar cane, bamboo, and grass. The vascular fiber walls are composed of bundles of cellulose polymeric filaments. This long, linear glucose polymer is what paper is made from. The polymer has the structure shown in Scheme 8.18. 

The ongoing efforts have been promising, especially in the antimicrobial food packaging area. For this part, we would like to summarize the recent developments on antimicrobial systems utilizing chitosan, cellulose, their derivatives and blends (Table 3.3). 

Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer found in nature, has been constantly studied for various applications, mainly on packaging and textile production. In the food industry, cellulose finds applications as a major component in paper or cardboard packaging materials and as thickeners and stabilizers in food. Cellulose and its derivatives are also used as filters or absorbent materials. 

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