Glycerol as plasticizer

Torres et al. (2006) reported a novel microwave processing technique to produce biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering from different types of starch-based polymers. Potato, sweet potato, com starch, and non-isolated amaranth and quinoa starch were used along with water and glycerol as plasticizers to produce porous stmctures. Figure 16.1 shows the manufacturing procedure of microwaved starch scaffolds. 

Miladinov et al. reported the preparation of starch-fatty acid esters by reactive extrusion of plasticized starch and acid anhydrides (acetic, propionic, heptanoic and palmitic anhydrides) in the presence of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst [87]. Starch esters have been prepared by REX using maleic anhydride (MA) as a cyclic dibasic acid anhydride in the presence of 20 wt% glycerol as plasticizer. This material was melt-blended with biodegradable polyester. 

Still another starch-polyester graft copolymer and a chemically modified starch-polyester graft copolymer composition has been described. The starch-polyester graft copol5mers are synthesized by the reaction of starch with biodegradable polyester polymers in the presence of maleic acid and glycerol as plasticizer. Examples of biodegradable polyesters are summarized in Table 7.6. 

Polyvinyl alcohol films can be stiffened and insolubilized in water after incorporation of colloidal silica (671-673). Hard PVA molding material is made from a mixture of the polymer solution and colloidal silica, with glycerol as plasticizer. The heat-pressed sheet was strong, stiff, and impact resistant (674). 

Adila, S. N., Suyatma, N. E., Firlieyanti, A. S., Bujang, A. (2013). Antimicrobial and physical properties of Chitosan film as affected by solvent types and glycerol as plasticizer., 155-159. 

Gontard, N., Guilbert, S.,and Cuq, J. L. Water and glycerol as plasticizers affect mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of an edible wheat gluten film. J. FoodSci., 58,206 11 (1993). 

Pelissari et al. (2012) studied the performance of TS of chitosan-starch films produced by extrusion using glycerol as plasticizer. They reported the systems with highest concentrations of starch and chitosan as the more resistant films with TS values... 

Composites were produced, containing 60% starch, 16% polyvinyl-alcohol, 20% - glycerol as plasticizer and additional polyvinyl-chloride as water administering coating for use as packaging materials and as agricultural mulch. 

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