Cellulase treatment

L. O. Asferg and T. Videbaek, Softening and Polishing of Cotton Fabrics by Cellulase Treatment, ITB Dyeing/Printing/Finishing, 2/90 (1990). 

Ueda, M., Koo, H., Wakida, T., and Yoshimura, Y. 1994. Cellulase Treatment of Cotton Fabrics Part II Inhibitory Effect of Surfactants on Cellulase Catalytic Reaction. Textile Res. J., 64 (10) 615-618. 

Cellulase treatment 8-14 A pores <60 A pores—small >60 A pores—large... 

The effects of cellulase enzymes on cotton substrates that were dyed with various classes of dyes have been reported. It was found that vat dyes do not inhibit cellulase activity on cotton, and hydrolysis of the substrate with subsequent color removal transpires. In contrast, cellulase activity on cotton was inhibited by the presence of some direct and reactive dyes. There is the probability that a dye-enzyme complex is formed with less activity than that of the free enzyme. The increased weight loss from enzymatic treatment on untreated cellulose is associated with a slight reduction in dye sorption, and this may be because of a reduction of amorphous regions in cellulose where dye molecules are usually sorbed. Cellulase activity is more prominent on mercerized cotton than on unmercerized cotton. This is because mercerization is associated with a decrease in the crystallinity of the cellulosic structure [540]. One major negative aspect of cellulase treatment of cotton fabric is the strength loss associated with the approximately 3-5% weight reduction under normal treating conditions. Of course, this is to be expected after cellulose is hydrolyzed. Future research efforts may lead to processes in which enzymes... 

Shomer, I., Rao, M. A., Bourne, M. C., and Levy, D. 1993. Rheological behavior of potato tuber cell suspensions during temperature fluctuations and cellulase treatments. 7. Sci. Food. Agric. 63 245-250. 

Both pH and temperature are critical factors affecting cellulase treatment (Fig. 15-3 and Fig. 15-4). A particular type of cellulase will only operate under a specific pH and temperature optima and its activity will decrease sharply on both... 

The disadvantages still unsolved in the practical application of the cellulase treatment are that the cellulase catalytic reaction rate is affected appreciably not... 

The preferred method of removing the pills is to treat the pilled fabric with cellulase enzymes. This is typically carried out by loading the fabric onto a cylindrical drum that is partly submerged in liquor containing cellulase. The drum rotates at 50-100 rpm, which provides shear to help dislodge pills from the fabric. Cellulase treatment is typically for 15-30 min at 40-50°C, pH 5. 

Cellulase enzymes increase the rate of drainage of pulp, thereby offering the potential to increase the speed of the paper machine. Cellulase solubilizes a portion of the small particles, called fines, which are highly water holding. The rate of drainage is quantified by the Canadian Standard Freeness (CSF) measurement. Cellulase treatment increases the CSF by 20 to 40 points. 

Cellulase treatment is carried out in a slurry tank prior to the paper machine. The typical treatment time is for 1 hour. Primarily Trichoderma cellulase enzymes have been used for this application, which is carried out at pH 4 to 5. 

The oligosaccharides (11) and (12) have been isolated from the degradation products obtained from cellulase treatment of the L-arabino-D-xylo-D-glucan from tobacco leaves, Their structures were determined from the results of methylation analysis both before and after reduction with borohydride ion as well as by and n.m.r. spectroscopies. Present in the hemicellulose fraction from the endosperm cell walls of rice was a D-galacto-D-xylo-D-glucan. This polysaccharide was based on a (1-> 4)-j3-D-glucan backbone to which were attached residues of D-xylose and D-galactose at 0-6. 

Yang, C.Q. Zhou, W. Lickfield, G.C. Parachura, K. 2003. Cellulase Treatment of Durable Press Finished Cotton Fabric Effects on Fabric Strength, Abrasion Resistance, and Handle. Textile Research Journal 73 (12) 1057-1062. 

Wakida, T, Moriya, T, Lee, M., Yoshioka, H., Yanai, Y. (2000), Effect of liquid ammonia, sodium hydroxide/hquid ammonia, and subsequent cellulase treatments on mechanical properties of cotton fabrics. Textile Res. J., 70(2), 161-5. 

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