Cell potential: applications

Continuous Separation in Split-Flow Thin (SPLITT) Cells Potential Applications to Biological Materials, J. C. Giddings, Sep. Sci. Technol., 23, 931 (1988). 

Wei, A., Shen, B., Williams, L., Diwan, A. Mesenchymal stem cells potential application in intervertehral disc regeneration. Transl. Pediatr. 3, 71-90 (2014)... 

Abstract The scope of this chapter is to give a brief introduction about fuel cells, types of applications in fuel cell technology, characteristics of fuel cells, potential applications in fuel cell technology, and current research and development and key technology players in fuel cells. 

Sodium terbium borate is used in solid-state devices. The oxide has potential application as an activator for green phosphors used in color TV tubes. It can be used with Zr02 as a crystal stabilizer of fuel cells which operate at elevated temperature. Few other uses have been found. 

The potentiometric determination of an analyte s concentration is one of the most common quantitative analytical techniques. Perhaps the most frequently employed, routine quantitative measurement is the potentiometric determination of a solution s pH, a technique considered in more detail in the following discussion. Other areas in which potentiometric applications are important include clinical chemistry, environmental chemistry, and potentiometric titrations. Before considering these applications, however, we must first examine more closely the relationship between cell potential and the analyte s concentration, as well as methods for standardizing potentiometric measurements. 

Fuel cells have attracted considerable interest because of their potential for efficient conversion of the energy (AG) from a chemical reaction to electrical energy (AE). This efficiency is achieved by directly converting chemical energy to electricity. Conventional systems burn fuel in an engine and convert the resulting mechanical output to electrical power. Potential applications include stationary multi-megawatt power plants, battery replacements for personal electronics, and even fuel-cell-powered unmanned autonomous vehicles (UAVs). 

Table 3.2. Electrocatalytic reactions investigated in doped Zr02 solid electrolyte fuel cells with external potential application...

The experiments were carried out in ambient air.78 79 STM images were obtained at 300 K following current, I, or potential, Uwr, application in ambient air at 550 K. Figure 5.49 shows an unfiltered atomic resolution image of the Pt (111) surface after assembling the solid electrolyte cell before any current or potential application. 

In the interdisciplinary field of biophysics and biotechnology, the bioeffects of electric field have received considerable interest for both fundamental studies on these interaction mechanisms and potential application. However, the effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) on secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures and fermentation processes have been unknown. Therefore, it would be very interesting to find out whether PEF could be used as a new tool for stimulating secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures for potential application to the value-added plant-specific secondary metabolite production. Furthermore, if the PEF permeabilization and elicitation are discovered in a cell culture system, the combination of... 

Titanium dioxide supported gold catalysts exhibit excellent activity for CO oxidation even at temperatures as low as 90 K [1]. The key is the high dispersion of the nanostructured gold particles over the semiconducting Ti02 support. The potential applications of ambient temperature CO oxidation catalysts include air purifier, gas sensor and fuel cell [2]. This work investigates the effects of ozone pretreatment on the performance of Au/Ti02 for CO oxidation. 

Table 4 and Fig. 18 illustrate the performance levels achieved by the active players in DMFC R D. The main goal in DMFC research in the U.S. and European programs is to achieve a stable performance level of 200 mW/cm at a cell potential of 0.5 to 0.6 V. It is because of the relatively low activity of the electrocatalyst for methanol electrooxidation that this power level is less than half that of a PEMFC with Hj as a fuel. A higher power level of the DMFC is essential for a transportation application, but the present power level goal is quite adequate for small portable power sources. 

Polyamines and their ammonium salts have been of interest because they are known to have potential applications as chelating agents (1-3), ion exchange resins (4-6), flocculants (7,8), and other industrial uses (9). Recent biomedical applications have constituted another important use of polymeric amines they have been investigated for use as biocompatable materials, polymeric drugs, immobilization of enzymes, cell-culture substratum and cancer chemotherapeutic agents (10-12). 

Regnault, B. Martin-Delautre, S. Lejay-Collin, M. Lefevre, M. Grimont, P. A. D. Oligonucleotide probe for the visualization of Escherichia coli Escherichia fergu-sonii cells by in situ hybridization Specificity and potential applications. Res. Microbiol. 2000,151,521-533. 

Doping is important for semiconductors in order to tune their optical and electrical properties for the potential applications in biotechnology and solar cells [65]. Ag-doped hexagonal CdS nanoparticles were successfully obtained by an ultrasound-assisted microwave synthesis method. Here, the doping of Ag in to CdS nanoparticles induced the evolution of crystal structure from cubic to hexagonal. Further support from photocatalytic experiment also clearly indicates the doping of Ag clusters into the CdS matrix. 

Chung WT, Chen BS, Chen KY et al (2009) Fluorescent protein red Kaede chromophore one-step, high-yield synthesis and potential application for solar cells. Chem Comm 45 6982-6984... 

---