Cell culture mammalian cells

Fig. 4. Schematic of a fixed-bed process for culturing mammalian cell using ceramic matrix.

Chen MM, Hsueh JE, Sirianni SR, et al. 1981. Induction of sister-chromatid exchanges and cell cycle delay in cultured mammalian cells treated with eight organophosphorus pesticides. Mutat Res 88 307-316. 

Weitberg, A.B., Weitzman, S.A., Destrempes, M., Latt, S.A. and Stossel, T.P. (1983). Stimulated human phagocytes produce cytogenetic changes in cultured mammalian cells. N. Engl. J. Med. 308, 26-30. 

Hartwig A. Schlepegrell R. Beyersmann D. 1990. Indirect mechanism of lead-induced genotoxicity in cultured mammalian cells. Mutat Res 241 75-82. 

Also, special vectors allowing expression in both insect cells and mammalian cell cultures from the same vector (pMamaBac [11] andpBacMam [12]) were described, though the amount required for mammalian transfection with one of these vectors is twofold higher than for insect cells, which makes it applicable only for assessment of suitability for a certain cell culture. 

Fang, X., et al. Functional characterization of a recombinant sodium-dependent nucleoside transporter with selectivity for pyrimidine nucleosides (cNTlrat) by transient expression in cultured mammalian cells. Biochem. 

Stability of ARCA-capped mRNAs in cultured mammalian cells 224... 

The upgrade of a frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope (FLIM) to a prismless objective-based total internal reflection-FLIM (TIR-FLIM) system is described. By off-axis coupling of the intensity-modulated laser from a fiber and using a high numerical aperture oil objective, TIR-FLIM can be readily achieved. The usefulness of the technique is demonstrated by a fluorescence resonance energy transfer study of Annexin A4 relocation and two-dimensional crystal formation near the plasma membrane of cultured mammalian cells. Possible future applications and comparison to other techniques are discussed. 

Elbashir SM, Harborth J, Lendeckel W, Yalcin A, Weber K, Tuschl T (2001) Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells. Nature 411 494-498... 

The metabolites that bind to DNA in cultured mammalian cells treated with DMBA are derived from both syn and anti forms of DMBA... 

Nitro PAHs have been shown to exhibit a large variety of biological activities. Included in these are the induction of mutations in bacterial (Table I) and eukaryotic cells (9,17,54-57), the neoplastic transformation of cultured mammalian cells (58-59), and the induction of DNA strand breaks (60), DNA repair (61-62), sister chromatid exchanges (63-64), and chromosomal aberrations (65-66). Nitro PAHs have also been demonstrated to bind cellular DNA in bacteria (67-73) and mammalian cells (74-77), to inhibit preferentially the growth of repair-deficient bacteria (78), to have recombinogenic activity in yeast (66,79-80) and to induce tumors in experimental animals (Table II). 

Uyeki, E.M. and A. Nishio. 1983. Antiproliferative and genotoxic effects of chromium on cultured mammalian cells. Jour. Toxicol. Environ. Health 11 227-235. 

Metaphase analysis of cultured mammalian cells and of treated animals. 

Gene mutation in cultured mammalian cells such as Chinese Hamster V79 cell/HGPRT mutation system. 

There are a number of test systems that use cultured mammalian cells, from both established and primary lines, that now have a large database of tested chemicals in the literature, are relatively rapid, and are feasible to use for genetic toxicity screening. These are discussed in the next section. 

The in vitro cytogenetic assay is a short-term mutagenicity test for detecting chromosomal damage in cultured mammalian cells. 

Brusick, D. (1986). Genotoxic effects in cultures mammalian cells produced by low pH treatment conditions and increased ion concentrations. Environ. Mutagen. 8 879-886. 

Brusick, D. (1987). Genotoxicity produced in cultures mammalian cell assays by treatment conditions. Special issue. Mutation Res. 189 1-80. 

Cole, J., Fox, M., Gamer, R.C., McGregor, D.B. and Thacker, J. (1990). Gene mutation assays in cultured mammalian cells. In UKEMS Subcommittee on Guidelines for Mutagenicity Testing. Report Part I rev. (Kirkland, D.J., Ed.). Cambridge University Press, pp. 87-114. 

Connell, J.R. (1979). The relationship between sister chromatid exchange, chromosome aberration and gene mutation induction by several reactive polycyclic hydrocarbon metabolites in cultured mammalian cells. Ini. J. Cancer 24 485 189. 

Dean, B.J. and Danford, N. (1984). Assays for the detection of chemically induced chromosome damage in cultures mammalian cells. In Mutagenicity Testing. A Practical Approach, (Venitt, S. and Parry, J.M., Eds.). IRL Press, Oxford, pp. 187-232. 

Natarajan, A.T. and Obe, G. (1982). Mutagenicity testing with cultured mammalian cells cytogenetic assays. In Mutagenicity, New Horizons in Genetic Toxicology, (Heddle, J.A., Ed.). Academic Press, New York, pp. 172-213. 

Genotoxicity. 1,2-Dibromoethane has been tested for mutagenic activity in a battery of in vitro and in vivo assay systems. It is mutagenic in bacteria, fungi, fruit flies, and cultured mammalian cells (Ames andYanofasky 1971 Barber 1981 Brimeret al. 1982 Crespi etal. 1985 Moriya etal. 1983 ... 

Isberg RR, Voorhis DL, Falkow S. Identification of invasin a protein that allows enteric bacteria to penetrate cultured mammalian cells. Cell 1987 50(5) 769-778. 

Aubin, J. E. (1979) Autofluorescence of viable cultured mammalian cells. J. Histo-chem. Cytochem. 27, 36-43. 

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