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Cartilage water

Numerous compositional differences have been noted between cartilage in OA and normal individuals (Table 90-2). Early in OA, cartilage water content increases, possibly as a result of a... [Pg.1688]

Lucas, P. A., Laurencin, C., Syftestad, G. T., Domb, A., Goldberg, V. M., Caplan, A. I., and Langer, R., Ectopic induction of cartilage and bone by water-soluble proteins from bovine bone using a polyanhydride delivery vehicle, J. Control. Rel. In Press. [Pg.69]

Recently, water-soluble protein fractions, isolated from extracts of bone matrix, were incorporated into a collagen matrix and shown to induce bone (67,68) and cartilage formation both in vitro and in vivo (69,70). In the latter studies, in the absence of the collajgen delivery system, the proteins were incapable of inducing cartilage formation in vivo when implanted intramuscularly into mice. The success of this approach appears to depend on delivering the active agents at an effective dose over an extended time period. [Pg.239]

Hydropolymer gel has been considered as a possible candidate for an artificial articular cartilage in artificial joints because it exhibits very low friction when it is in contact with a solid. The origin of such low friction is considered to be associated with the water absorbed in the gel [83-86], some of which is squeezed out from the gel under the load and serves as a lubricant layer between the gel and solid surface, resulting in hydrodynamic lubrication [87, 88]. Although the structural information about the interfacial water is important to understand the role of water for the low frictional properties of hydrogel in contact with a solid and the molecular structure of lubricants other than water at solid/solid interfaces have been investigated theoretically [89-91] and experimentally [92-98], no experimental investigations on water structure at gel/solid interfaces have been carried out due to the lack of an effective experimental technique. [Pg.89]

Brewer and Keiser160 investigated the 13C-n.m.r. spectra of bovine nasal-cartilage and its component sulfate polysaccharides (see Fig. 4). It consists of 75% of water and equal proportions of proteoglycan com-... [Pg.78]

McGann, L.E., Kinetics of osmotic water movement in chontrocites isolated from articular cartilage and application to cryopreservation, /. Orthopedic Res., 6,109,1988. [Pg.183]

On a larger scale, we have ligaments and cartilage, structures that hold joints together and tie muscle to bone. These too are composed of proteins tough, water-insoluble proteins. Principal among them are the collagens. [Pg.116]

In contrast to milk, where samples are primarily derived from cows, meat analysis has to be performed in samples of a widely different animal origin including cattle, lamb, swine, poultry, and fish. Muscle is a complex matrix with a pH of 5.7, composed of muscle fibers, various types of connective tissue, adipose tissue, cartilage, and bones. Sarcoplasmic proteins such as myoglobin, and glycolytic enzymes are soluble in water while the myofibrillar proteins such as myosin and actin are soluble in concentrated salt solutions (14). The connective tissue proteins, collagen and elastin, are insoluble in both solvents. [Pg.553]

Proteins, on a weight basis, are second only to water in their presence in the human body. If the factor of water is discounted, then about 50% of the body s dry weight is made up of numerous protein substances, distributed about as follows 33% in muscles 20% in bones and cartilage 10% in skin the remaining 37% in numerous other body tissues. With exception of the urine and bile in the normal healthy individual, all other body fluids contain from small to relatively large portions of protein substances. [Pg.1371]

Chondrin. A transparent, yel gelatinous mass obtained from cartilage. It is a protein considered to be a mixt of mucin gelatin(Ref 2). It is sol in hot water, and was used for impregnating "dopes" of dynamites(Ref 1)... [Pg.57]

Digestion Techniques For nonvascularized or low-water-content tissues such as bone, cartilage, or hair, a mechanical technique may do little to disrupt cellular structure and extract analytes. Extreme measures such as digestion with strong acid (i.e., 12 N HC1) are routinely used for DNA or nucleic acids, which can tolerate the harsh conditions. Alternatively, certain enzymes can be used to digest tissue samples. Commercial devices are available which contain digestion bombs fabricated from material resistant to corrosive media. [Pg.107]

Ritalin pills contain the hydrochloride salt methylphenidate. When the salt comes in contact with water, it yields hydrochloric acid. This is not a problem when the pills are taken orally, because hydrochloric acid is one of the digestive acids present in the stomach. When the drug is snorted, however, the corrosive acid can burn the tissues in nasal passages and cause open sores, nosebleeds, and even deterioration of the nasal cartilage. [Pg.66]

Figure 1. Articular cartilage is partitioned in three phases, one solid phase and two fluid phases. Each fluid phase contains several species. Some of these species are exchangeable, at least partially water and ions can enter and leave the intrafibrillar space defined by collagen fibrils. Proteoglycans which are macromolecules are too large to be admitted into that space, at least in absence of osteo-arthritis. Water and ions can also be exchanged between the extrafibrillar phase and the exterior. Figure 1. Articular cartilage is partitioned in three phases, one solid phase and two fluid phases. Each fluid phase contains several species. Some of these species are exchangeable, at least partially water and ions can enter and leave the intrafibrillar space defined by collagen fibrils. Proteoglycans which are macromolecules are too large to be admitted into that space, at least in absence of osteo-arthritis. Water and ions can also be exchanged between the extrafibrillar phase and the exterior.

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.65 ]




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