Carriers, for oral drug delivery

Table 11.3 Polymer-based nanoparticle carriers for oral drug delivery...

Tamai, I., and A. Tsuji. 1996. Carrier-mediated approaches for oral drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 20 5. 

Multifunctional carrier matrices offer various advantages for oral drug delivery. Their application for oral drug delivery is described in Chapter 8. Generally, such carriers can be used either to protect the drug from enzymatic degradation via steric hindrance or to directly inhibit enzymes. Multifunctional polymers that can inhibit GI proteolytic enzymes per se are polyacrylates and modifications thereof as well as polymer-inhibitor... 

Numerous cases exist in the pharmaceutical field in which pH control of drug delivery may be beneficial. For example, the ability to store a drug molecule in the dry state in a polymer, to be released when the polymer reaches a region in the gastrointestinal tract that is characterized by a certain pH range (acidic in stomach, alkaline in the small intestine) has prompted a number of researchers to study pH-sensitive polymer gels as potential drug carriers for oral delivery [1-4]. 

Bayat, A., Sadeghi, M.M., Avadi, M.R., Amini, M, Rafiee-Tehrani, M., Shafiee, A. and Junginger, H.E. (2006) Synthesis of A-A dimethyl A-ethyl chitosan as carrier for oral delivery of peptide drugs. J. Bioact. Compat Polym. 21 433-444. 

Bernkop-Schniirch, A. and Walker, G. Multifunctional matrices for oral peptide delivery. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 2001 18, 5, 459-501. 

A nanoparticle is a microscopic particle with a diameter less than 100 nm. Nanoparticles were first developed around 1970, and initially they were devised as carriers for vaccines and anticancer drugs. Nanoparticle research is currently an area of intense scientific research because of a wide variety of potential applications in biomedical, optical, and electronic fields. To enhance tumor uptake, the strategy of drug targeting was employed, and as a first important step, research focused on the development of methods to reduce the uptake of the nanoparticles by the RES cells. Simultaneously, the use of nanoparticles for ophthalmic and oral delivery was investigated (17, 18). Recent advancement of nanoparticles and nanosuspensions was caused by their application for pulmonary drug delivery (19, 20). 

Jung SW, Jeong Yl, Kim YH, Kim SH. Self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles of poly(ethylene glycol) grafted pullulan acetate as a novel drug carrier. Arch Pharmacal Res 2004 27(5) 562-569. Peppas NA. Devices based on intelligent biopolymers for oral protein delivery. Int J Pharm 2004 277(1-2) 11-17. 

Grim Y, Kopecek J. Bioadhesive water-soluble polymeric carriers for site-specific oral drug delivery. Synthesis, characterisation and relesae of 5-aminosalicylic acid by Streptococcus faecium in vitro. New Polym Mater 1991 3 49-59. 

Roine J, Murtomaa M, Myllys M, Salonen J (2012) Dual-capiUary electroencapsulation of mesoporous silicon drug carrier particles for controlled oral drug delivery. J Electrostat 70 428-437... 

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