Cardiovascular system damage

In the region with pesticide contamination where subjects contracted viral hepatitis A, the pre-jaundice period was 4.2 days (in the control area, 5.1), the jaundice period lasted 32 days (22.4 in the control area), the liver enlarged more than in the control area and took longer to return to normal size, there was a larger number of patients who also had an enlarged spleen, there was more frequent damage to the nervous and cardiovascular systems (1.5-2 times higher than in the control area), mixed syndrome was observed more often (45% of the time, compared to 12.6% in the control area), and the illness was more frequently serious. 

Quercetin and rutin suppressed photosensitized hemolysis of human erythrocytes with ho values equal to 40 p.mol l-1 and 150 jjlmt>I I 1, respectively [139]. Suppression of photohemolysis was accompanied by inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Morin inhibited oxygen radical-mediated damage induced by superoxide or peroxyl radicals to the human cells in the cardiovascular system, erythrocytes, ventricular myocytes, and saphenous vein endothelial cells [140]. Rutin protected against hemoglobin oxidation inside erythrocytes stimulated by prooxidant primaquine [141],... 

The three targets that are the first point of contact between environmental chemicals and the body will be discussed first the gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory system, and the skin. Recall from Chapter 2 that chemicals enter the blood after absorption, so this fluid is the next target (see Figure 2.1). Then come the liver, the kidneys, and the nervous system. The chapter concludes with a discussion of some chemicals that can damage the reproductive system and some that can cause birth defects, the so-called teratogens, and other forms of developmental toxicity. Brief discussions of immune system, cardiovascular system, muscle, and endocrine system toxicities are also offered. 

A third type of dose response relationship has been proposed, which is increasingly gaining acceptance, and this is the hormetic kind. This kind of dose response, for which there is experimental evidence, involves opposite effects at low doses, giving rise to a U-shaped or J-shaped curve (Fig. 2.11). That is, there may be positive or stimulatory beneficial effects at low doses. For example, some data indicate that at low doses of dioxin, the incidence of certain cancers in animals exposed is less than occurs in controls. Another example is alcohol (ethanol), for which there is evidence from a number of studies that low to moderate intake in man leads to lower levels of cardiovascular disease. Of course, high levels of intake of alcohol are well established to cause liver cirrhosis, various cancers, and also damage to the cardiovascular system. 

A complication of diabetes where painful nerve damage can affect the limbs (especially causing ulcers in the feet if the patient has poor blood circulation), intestinal and cardiovascular system. 

As for the cardiovascular system, the cardioprotective effects of selective H3-receptor agonists, demonstrated in models of protracted myocardial ischemia (Imamura et al., 1994, 1995, 1996a Hatta et al., 1996, 1997), could be predictive of beneficial effects in coronaropatic patients. Hence, the attenuation of carrier-mediated noradrenaline release in hypoxic and/or ischemic myocardium by H3-agonists would limit the sympathetic overactivity and the associated incidence of ventricular arrhythmias and angina, as well as the increase of metabolic demand by the myocardium, thus preventing further damage and cardiac failure. 

Maxwell SR, Moots RJ, Kendall MJ. Corticosteroids do they damage the cardiovascular system Postgrad Med J 1994 70(830) 863-70. 

Both T1(I) and T1(III) salts are readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and the skin. Excretion is slow with a half-life of nearly one month. ThaUinm concentrates in the brain and testes. The lethal dose is less than 1 g of a thallium compound in a single ingestion. Thallotoxicosis involves the nervous system, skin, hair loss, and the cardiovascular system. T1+ can substitute for the similarly sized K+ (Table 2 and Figure 2) and interfere in K+-dependent processes (Figure 2). Recovery from thallotoxicosis takes months and may be incomplete as nervous system damage may be irreversible. Thallium may be the most toxic nonradioactive metal. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION 2.2 Label Nonflammable Gas, Oxidizer SAFETY PROFILE Human systemic effects by inhalation cough and other pulmonar " changes. Human teratogenic effects by inhalation developmental abnormalities of the fetal cardiovascular system. Mutation data reported. Not toxic as gas. In liquid form it can cause severe burns and tissue damage on contact with the skin due to extreme cold. 

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