Carcinogenic hazards

Aldehyde-amines Aldol-naphthylamines Yes Not often used. Possibilities of carcinogenic hazard with some types. 

There have been some questions raised concerning possible carcinogenic hazards of residual monomer. 

Carcinogenic hazard of wood dusts. Carcinogenicity of crystalline silica Inorganic arsenic compounds... 

The studies described above are important proof-of-principle investigations pointing to a debate about the carcinogenic hazard of MWNTs in the abdominal cavity. There are a number of open questions that need to be resolved before a final assessment can be made. In this respect, Oberdoster recently summarized such a challenge with three key questions do they (MWNTs) translocate from the deposition site in the lung to the pleura If so, what is the efficiency of such translocation in terms of the dose retained in pleural tissues What are the dimensions (in particular length) of the translocated MWNTs [92]. 

DiCicco G, Naviglio A, Spinazzola A. 1986. [Characterization of emissions produced by thermoelectric power plants fired with fuel oil and coal Evaluation of the relative health and carcinogenic hazards associated with them.] Acqua Aria 7 667-674. (Italian)... 

All known human carcinogens that have been smdied adequately for carcinogenicity in experimental animals have produced positive results in one or more animal species (lARC 2006). lARC (2006) also states that although this association cannot establish that aU substances that cause cancer in experimental animals also cause cancer in humans, it is biologically plausible that substances for which there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals also present a carcinogenic hazard to humans. 

In order to provide some measure of clarity and consistency in an otherwise free-form, narrative characterization, standard descriptors are used as part of the hazard narrative to express the conclusion regarding the weight of evidence for carcinogenic hazard potential. There are five recommended standard hazard descriptors ... 

Term Tests for Carcinogens and Data on Genetic Effects in Carcinogenic Hazard Evaluation. LARC Scientific Publication No. 146. Lyon LARC, 1999 309-54. 

It generally is agreed that cumene has no damaging effect on the hematopoietic system, despite its chemical similarity to benzene. Furthermore, cumene is not anticipated to be a significant carcinogenic hazard because it is metabolically similar to toluene, a substance that showed no carcinogenic activity in 2-year inhalation studies. ... 

Druckrey H Quantitative aspects in chemical carcinogenesis. In Trichaut R (ed) Potential Carcinogenic Hazards from Drugs. UICC Monograph Series 7 60-78, 1967... 

McGregor, D.B., Rice, J.M. Venitt, S., eds (1999) The Use of Short- and Medium-term Tests for Carcinogens and Data on Genetic Effects in Carcinogenic Hazard Evaluation (LARC Scientific Pubhcations No. 146), Lyon, lARCBres s... 

Toxicology Mutagenic, possible carcinogen Hazard labeling May cause cancer. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Do not breathe dust... 

Ames, Bruce N., Renae Magaw, and Lois Swirsky Gold. 1987. Ranking Possible Carcinogenic Hazards. Science 236 (April 17) 271-80. 

Gold, Lois Swirsky, Leslie Bernstein, and Bruce N. Ames. 1990. The Importance of Ranking Possible Carcinogenic Hazards. Risk Analysis 10 625-28. 

Rice JM Wllboum JD (2000) Tumors of the nervous system in carcinogenic hazard identification. Toxicol Pathol. 28(1) 202-214. 

B. N. Ames, M. Profet, and L. S. Gold, Nature s Chemicals and Synthetic Chemicals Comparative Toxicology, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (1990) 7782-86 B. N. Ames, M. Profet, and L. S. Gold, Dietary Pesticides 99.99 Percent All Natural, ibid., 7777-81 L. S. Gold, T. H. Slone, and B. N. Ames, Prioritization of Possible Carcinogenic Hazards in Food, in D. Tennant, ed., Food Chemical Risk Analysis (London Chapman Hall, 1997), pp. 267-95. 

One reasonable strategy to use the available information about cancer risk is to construct an index to compare and rank possible carcinogenic hazards from a wide variety of chemical exposures at levels typically experienced by humans, and then to focus research and regulatory efforts on those that rank highest.15... 

The possible carcinogenic hazards from synthetic pesticides are minimal compared to the background of nature s pesticides, though neither may be a hazard at the low doses consumed. Analysis also indicates that many ordinary foods would not pass the regulatory criteria used for synthetic chemicals. Caution is necessary in drawing conclusions about the occurrence in the diet of natural chemicals that are rodent carcinogens. These di-... 

Lai, D.Y. et al. (1994) Structural Elements of Consideration for Assessing the Carcinogenic Hazard/risk of new and untested aromatic amines. Toxicologist,... 

ECETOC (1987) The Assessment of Carcinogenic Hazard for Human Beings Exposed to Methylene Chloride (Technical Report No. 26), Brussels, European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals... 

Because a good correlation is found between mutagenicity (as detected in bacterial assays such as the Ames test) and carcinogenicity (as observed in laboratory animal tests) (6), mutagenicity detected in water extracts indicates the possibility of a carcinogenic hazard. 

The exposure of experimental animals to toxic agents in high doses is a necessary and valid method of discovering possible carcinogenic hazards in humans. 

Gold LS, Backman GM, Hooper NK, et al. 1987. Ranking the potential carcinogenic hazards to workers from exposures to chemicals that are tumorigenic in rodents. Environ Health Perspect 76 211-219. 

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