Carbonized polyacrylonitrile nanofiber

Hou, H.Q., Ge, J.J., and Zeng, J., 2005. Electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers containing a high concentration of well-aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes, Chem. Mater., 17(5), pp. 967-973. 

Esrafilzadeh, D. M. Morshed, and H. Tavanai, An investigation on the stabilization of special polyacrylonitrile nanofibers as carbon or activated carbon nanofiber precursor. Synthetic Metals. 2009,159(3), 261-212. 

Zhou Z., Lai C., Zhang L., Qian Y, Hou H., Reneker D. H., and Fong H., Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties. Polymer, 2009, 50,2999-3006. 

Zhou, Z. et al. (2009). Development of Carbon Nanofibers from Ahgned Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber Bundles and Characterization of Their Microstructural, Electrical, and Mechanical Properties. Pot m 50, 2999—3006. 

Zhou Z, Liu K, Lai C, Zhang L, Li J, Hou H, Reneker D H and Fong H (2010) Graphitic carbon nanofibers developed from bundles of aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers containing phosphoric acid. Polymer 51 2360-2367. 

Kima, J. Ganapathya, H. Hongb, S. Lim, Y. Preparation of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers as a precursor of carbon nanofibers by supercritical fluid process. J. Supercritical Fluids 2008,47 103-107. 

Saeed K, Park S (2010) Preparation and characterization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes/ polyacrylonitrile nanofibers. J Polym Res 17(4) 535-540. doi 10.1007/sl0965-009-9341-4... 

S Y. Gu, J. Ren, G.J. Vancso. 2005. Process optimization and empirical modeling for elecfrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber precursor of carbon nanofibers. European Polymer Journal, xxx. pp.xxx-xxx. 

Tavanai, H. Jalili, R. and Morshed, M. Effects of fiber diameter and CO activation temperature on the pore characteristics of polyacrylonitrile based activated carbon nanofibers. Surface Interface Analy. 2009, 41(10), 814-819. 

Liu, W. and S. Adanur, Properties of electrospnn polyacrylonitrile membranes and chemically-activated carbon nanofibers. Text. Res. J. 2010,80(2), 124-134. 

Lee, J. W. et al.. Heterogeneous adsorption of activated carbon nanofibers synthesized by electro spinning polyacrylonitrile solution. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnoi 2006, 6(11), 3577-3582. 

Ji, L. and Zhang, X. Generation of activated carbon nanofibers from electrospun polyacrylonitrile-zinc chloride composites for use as anodes in hthium-ion batteries. Electrochem. Commun. 2009,11(3), 684-687. 

Wang, C. H., H. C. Hsu, and J. H. Hu. 2014. High-energy asymmetric supercapacitor based on petal-shaped Mn02 nanosheet and carbon nanotube-embedded polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofiber working at 2 V in aqueous neutral electrolyte. Journal of Power Sources 249 1-8. 

Electrospun carbon precursor fibers, based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN] and mesophase pitch, having diameters in the range from 100 nm to a few microns, were stabilized and carbonized. These carbon nanofibers had a very high aspect ratio. Nanopores were produced in CNFs made from PAN by a high-temperature reaction with water vapor carried in nitrogen gas by increasing the surface area per unit mass of carbon black. For conductive CNT/polymer composite fibers, CNTs were incorporated into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) in iV,iV-dimethylformamide [DMF] solutions and electrospun to form CNT/PVDF fiber mats.The thinnest fiber was obtained as 7 0 nm in diameter. 

Besides CNTs, another ID carbon nanostructure is carbon nanoflbers. For example, Shen et al. [156] prepared a series of hierarchical porous carbon libers with a BET surface area of 2,231 m g and a pore volume of 1.16 cm g. In this synthesis method, the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers (prepared by dry-wet spinning) were selected as precnrsors, and pre-oxidation and chemical activation were involved to get the developed porosities. This type of material contained a large amount of nitrogen-containing groups (N content >8.1 wt%) and consequently basic sites, resulting in a faster adsorption rate and a higher adsorption capacity for CO2 than the commercial zeolite 13X that is conventionally used to capture CO2, in the presence of H2O (Fig. 2.27). 

Chun, L, D.H. Reneker, H. Fong, X. Fang, J. Deitzel, N.B. Tan, and K. Kearns. 1999. Carbon nanofibers from polyacrylonitrile and mesophase pitch. J AdvPhys 31 36. 

Chun et al. [93] produced carbon nano fibers with diameter in the range from 100 nm to a few microns from electrospim polyacrylonitrile and me-sophase pitch precursor fibers. Wang et al. [94, 95] produced carbon nanofibers from carbonizing of electrospun PAN nanofibers and studied their structure and conductivity. Hou et al. [96] reported a method to use the carbonized electrospun PAN nanofibers as substrates for the formation of multiwall carbon Nanotubes. Kim et al. [14, 97] produced carbon nanofibers from PAN-based or pitch-based electrospim fibers and studied the electrochemical properties of carbon nanofibers web as an electrode for supercapacitor. 

Activation Adsorption Carbon nanofiber Polyacrylonitrile Porosity... 

Kim, C. et al. (2004). Raman Spectroscopic Evaluation of Polyacrylonitrile-based Carbon Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning. 

Lingaiah, S. et al. (2005). Polyacrylonitrile-Based Carbon Nanofibers Prepared by... 

Yamashita, Y. et al. (2008). Carbonization Conditions for Electrospun Nanofiber of Polyacrylonitrile Copolymer. Indian Journal of Fiber and Textile Research, 33, 345-353. 

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