Carbon tetrachloride saturated

The fluorodecarboxylation of 3-bromo-2-furoic acid in a two-phase carbon tetrachloride/ saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate system with F-Teda BF+ (6) gives 3-bromo-2-fluorofuran (28).100a... 

Kieselguhr G impregnated with formamide. a) Benzene Chloroform (30 120) saturated with formamide. b) Carbon tetrachloride saturated with formamide. (56) (56)... 

An alternative, reasonably satisfactory route to the pentachloride involves heating Pa206/C mixtures at 500°-600°C in a sealed tube containing carbon tetrachloride saturated with chlorine (47). It was this method of preparation which led to the characterization of the first pentavalent oxychloride, Pa20Cl8, the a-form of which is always produced together with the pentachloride under such conditions. The pentachloride is readily separated from Pa20Cl8 by vacuum sublimation at 180°-200°C. 

Special prep 1 Carbon tetrachloride saturated with formamide 81... 

An air-flow rate of 650 ml per minute (490 ml per minute, per sq cm of cross-sectional area of the carbon) is established through the apparatus, with the three-way stopcock turned so as to vent the carbon tetrachloride-saturated air to a hood. 

Add 15 ml of carbon tetrachloride saturated with pure rotenone at 0° (see Note below), swirl the flask in ice-water to induce crystallisation and allow to stand at about 0° overnight. 

Filter through a tared, sintered-glass filter (porosity No. 3) previously cooled to 0° and rapidly wash the crystals with three successive quantities, each of 5 ml, of ice-cold carbon tetrachloride saturated with pure rotenone at 0°. Maintain suction for about five minutes, dry the residue at 40° for one hour and weigh. 

Chlorine reacts with saturated hydrocarbons either by substitution or by addition to form chlorinated hydrocarbons and HCl. Thus methanol or methane is chlorinated to produce CH Cl, which can be further chlorinated to form methylene chloride, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride. Reaction of CI2 with unsaturated hydrocarbons results in the destmction of the double or triple bond. This is a very important reaction during the production of ethylene dichloride, which is an intermediate in the manufacture of vinyl chloride ... 

TABLE 2-244 Thermophysical Properties of Saturated Carbon Tetrachloride... 

A 100-ml flask is charged with 25 ml of bromine and 10 g of adamantane and heated under reflux for 3 hours. The cooled mixture is dissolved in 100 ml of carbon tetrachloride, and the carbon tetrachloride solution is washed with 100-ml portions of saturated bisulfite solution until the color of bromine is discharged. The solution is then washed twice with water and dried (magnesium sulfate). The solvent is removed (rotary evaporator) and the product is recrystallized from methanol. (For best recovery of the recrystallized material, the methanol solution should be cooled in a Dry Ice cooling bath.) The product has mp 108°. 

The filtrate was extracted twice with 100 ml of carbon tetrachloride. The carbon tetrachloride phase was discarded. The aqueous phase was adjusted to pH 11 by addition of 6 N aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted four times with 300 ml portions of chloroform. The combined chloroform extract was washed three times with 100 ml of saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution and the sodium chloride phase was discarded. The chloroform extract was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate evaporated to dryness under vacuum on a 50° to 60°C water bath. The residue was a clear, colorless glass weighing 45 g analyzing about 95% 7(S)-chloro-7-deoxylincomycin. 

Comparing equations 13.8 and 13.9, it is seen that the adiabatic saturation temperature i > equal to the wet-bulb temperature when s = h/hDpA. This is the case for most water vapour systems and accurately so when Jf = 0.047. The ratio (h/hopAs) = b is sometimes known as the psychrometric ratio and, as indicated, b is approximately unity for the air-water system. For most systems involving air and an organic liquid, b = 1.3 - 2.5 and the wet-bulb temperature is higher than the adiabatic saturation temperature. This was confirmed in 1932 by SHERWOOD and COMINGS 2 who worked with water, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, benzene, toluene, carbon tetrachloride, and n-propyl acetate, and found that the wet-bulb temperature was always higher than the adiabatic saturation temperature except in the case of water. 

First cleanup Transfer the carbon tetrachloride solution into a glass column packed with 5 g of Florisil saturated in carbon tetrachloride. Rinse the column, first with 2 mL of carbon tetrachloride and then with 35 mL of hexane-ethyl acetate (9 1, v/v). Elute benfuracarb with 45 mL of the same hexane-ethyl acetate solution. Concentrate the eluate to dryness by rotary evaporation at 35 °C and dissolve the residue in carbon tetrachloride. 

Ivey and Morris (1962) reported the ratio of subcooled critical flux to saturated critical flux of pool boiling in water, ethyl alcohol, ammonia, carbon tetrachloride, and isooctane for pressures from 4.5 to 500 psia (0.3 to 34 X 105 Pa) as... 

Chromic acid adsorbed on silica gel (Cr03 Si02 = 3 10) is a mild and safe reagent to oxidise saturated or unsaturated alcohols in carbon tetrachloride to the corresponding aldehydes. 

Hexachloroethane is not currently produced for commercial distribution in the United States. It is a by-product in the industrial chlorination of saturated and unsaturated C2 hydrocarbons by several U.S. companies, including Dow Chemical, PPG Industries, and Occidental Petroleum Corporation. The product may be used captively in-house or recycled in feedstock to produce tetrachloroethylene or carbon tetrachloride. Estimates of current production volumes were not located (Gordon et al. 1991 Santodonato et al. 1985 TRI93 1995). 

For (S)-1 -phcnylcthanol (S)-1 -phenylethanol (2 mg, 0.02mmol) and MTPA-C1 (+) (4mL, 0.02mmol) were mixed with carbon tetrachloride (3 drops) and dry pyridine (3 drops). The reaction mixture was allowed to stand in a stoppered flask for 12 hours at ambient temperature. Water (1 mL) was added and the reaction mixture transferred to a separatory funnel and extracted with ether (20 mL). The ether solution, after washing successively with HC1 (1 M, 20 mL), and saturated sodium carbonate solution (20 mL), and water (20 mL), was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and solvents were removed in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in deuteriated chloroform for NMR analysis. The relative integration of the hydrogen on the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group was used to calculate the ee. 

This rule holds reasonably well when C or t varies within a narrow range for acute exposure to a gaseous compound (Rinehart and Hatch, 1964) and for chronic exposure to an inert particle (Henderson et al., 1991). Excursion of C or / beyond these limits will cause the assumption Ct = K to be incorrect (Adams et al., 1950, 1952 Sidorenko and Pinigin, 1976 Andersen et al., 1979 Uemitsu et al., 1985). For example, an animal may be exposed to 1000 ppm of diethyl ether for 420 min or 1400 ppm for 300 min without incurring any anesthesia. However, exposure to 420,000 ppm for lmin will surely cause anesthesia or even death of the animal. Furthermore, toxicokinetic study of fiver enzymes affected by inhalation of carbon tetrachloride (Uemitsu et al., 1985), which has a saturable metabolism in rats, showed that Ct = K does not correctly reflect the toxicity value of this compound. Therefore, the limitations of Haber s rule must be recognized when it is used in interpolation or extrapolation of inhalation toxicity data. 

Miscible with acetamide solutions, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, methyl acetate, and many unsaturated hydrocarbons (Windholz et al., 1983). Immiscible with many saturated hydrocarbons (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992). 

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