Carbon - Oxygen Containing Polymers

In addition to the information obtained from the core line-shapes of the over layer atoms, there is much information to be derived from the lineshapes of substrate polymer atoms. For Cu, Ni and Cr deposited on polystyrene, there were no measurable changes in the C-ls core level except for a decrease in intensity caused by overlayer attenuation. However, the addition of these metal atoms to the surface of the oxygen containing polymers modified the lineshapes of the core levels of the surface carbon and oxygen atoms. 

Primary decomposition products of oxygen-containing polymers (such as polyformaldehyde and methacrylates) consist mainly of monomers or side-chain fragments (as in the case of vinyl acetate polymers and copolymers) while the secondary decomposition products are very rich in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide which are essentially responsible for the toxicity. 

P-red is an active flame retardant as a single additive in nitrogen and/or oxygen containing polymers such as polyamides, polyesters, polyurethanes, epoxies, isocyanates and polycarbonates. It can be part of a package with carbon char-forming agents or metal hydroxides in olefins and styrenics. 

As with other carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen-containing materials, the main products of combustion in the presence of oxygen are water and carbon dioxide. Such polymers can be reacted with various reactants giving products analogous to those obtained from small... 

Note first of all that there is the characteristic loss of a small molecule for stepwise reactions, which in this case is water, and that the loss of water results in an amide (HN-CO) linkage hence the resulting polymer is called a polyamide. This particular polyamide is very common and is better known by its trade name nylon. There are many types of nylons, depending on the exact formula of the diamine and diacid used to form the polyamide, but in this case, there are six carbon units between the nitrogens in the diamine and there are six carbon units (including the carbons which contain the double-bonded oxygens) in the diacid, so this polyamide is called Nylon 66. 

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