Carbon nanotube electrochemistry

Zhao, K., Song, H., Zhuang, S., Dai, L., He, P., and Fang, Y. 2007. Determination of nitrite with the electrocatalytic property to the oxidation of nitrite on thionine modified aligned carbon nanotubes. Electrochemistry Communications 9, 65-70. 

Zhao L. Y, Liu H. Y, and Hu N. R, Assembly of layer-by-layer films of heme proteins and single-walled carbon nanotubes Electrochemistry and electrocatalysis. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 384(2), 414-422, 2006. 

Gooding JJ. 2005. Nanostructuring electrodes with carbon nanotubes A review on electrochemistry and applications for sensing. Electrochim Acta 50 3049-3060. 

Gooding JJ, Wibowo R, Liu JQ, Yang WR, Losic D, Orbons S, Meams FJ, Shapter JG, Hibbert DB. 2003. Protein electrochemistry using aligned carbon nanotube arrays. J Am Chem Soc 125 9006-9007. 

Heller I, Kong J, Heering HA, Williams KA, Lemay SG, Dekker C. 2005. Individual single-waUed carbon nanotubes as nanoelectrodes for electrochemistry. Nano Lett 5 137-142. 

J. Wang, M. Li, Z. Shi, N. Li, and Z. Gu, Direct electrochemistry of cytochrome c at a glassy carbon electrode modified with single-wall carbon nanotubes. Anal. Chem. 74, 1993-1997 (2002). 

G.C. Zhao, Z.Z. Yin, L. Zhang, and X.W. Wei, Direct electrochemistry of cytochrome c on a multi-walled carbon nanotube modified electrode and its electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of H2O2. Electrochem. Commun. 7, 256-260 (2005). 

G.C. Zhao, L. Zhang, X.W. Wei, Z.S. Yang, Myoglobin on multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified electrode direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis. Electrochem. Commun. 5, 825—829 (2003). 

M. Wang, Y. Shen, Y. Liu, T. Wang, F. Zhao, B. Liu, and S. Dong, Direct electrochemistry of microperoxidase 11 using carbon nanotube modified electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem. 578, 121-127 (2005). 

Z. Xu, N. Gao, H. Chen, and S. Dong, Biopolymer and carbon nanotubes interface prepared by self-assembly for studying the electrochemistry of microperoxidase-11. Langmuir 21, 10808-10813 (2005). 

A. Salimi, A. Noorbakhsh, and M. Ghadermarz, Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalytic activity of catalase incorporated onto multiwall carbon nanotubes-modified glassy carbon electrode. Anal. Biochem. 344,16-24 (2005). 

L. Wang, J.X. Wang, and F.M. Zhou, Direct electrochemistry of catalase at a gold electrode modified with single-wall carbon nanotubes. Electroanalysis 16, 627-632 (2004). 

Kumar TP, Ramesh R, Lin YY, Fey GTK (2004) Tin-filled carbon nanotubes as insertion anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochemistry Communications 6 520-525. 

Tkac J, Ruzgas T (2006) Dispersion of single walled carbon nanotubes. Comparison of different dispersing strategies for preparation of modified electrodes toward hydrogen peroxide detection. Electrochemistry Communications 8 899-903. 

Carbon electrodes can be made from a number of various crystalline forms of carbon. The two most common versions are the carbon paste electrode and the glassy carbon electrode. In Chapter 11, devoted to the electrochemistry of biological functions, it will be seen that pyrolytic graphite electrodes have also found wide application. Recently, attempts to use carbon-nanotube electrodes have been also proposed.9... 

Gooding, J.J., et al., Protein Electrochemistry Using Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2003.125(30) p. 9006-9007. 

Lee, C.-L., et al., Preparation of Pt nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes and graphite nanofibers via self-regulated reduction of surfactants and their application as electrochemical catalyst. Electrochemistry Communications, 2005. 7(4) p. 453-458. 

Mani, V., B. Devadas, and S.-M. Chen, Direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase at electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-multiwalled carbon nanotubes hybrid material modified electrode for glucose biosensor. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2012. 41 p. 309-315. 

Lee, K., Zhang, J., Wang, H., and Wilkinson, D. P. Progress in the synthesis of carbon nanotube- and nanofiber-supported Pt electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell catalysis. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 2006 36 507-522. 

CNT randomly dispersed composites Many soft and rigid composites of carbon nanotubes have been reported [17]. The first carbon-nanotube-modified electrode was made from a carbon-nanotube paste using bromoform as an organic binder (though other binders are currently used for the paste formation, i.e. mineral oil) [105]. In this first application, the electrochemistry of dopamine was proved and a reversible behavior was found to occur at low potentials with rates of electron transfer much faster than those observed for graphite electrodes. Carbon-nanotube paste electrodes share the advantages of the classical carbon paste electrode (CPE) such as the feasibility to incorporate different substances, low background current, chemical inertness and an easy renewal nature [106,107]. The added value with CNTs comes from the enhancement of the electron-transfer reactions due to the already discussed mechanisms. 

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