Protein electrochemistry

Gooding JJ, Wibowo R, Liu JQ, Yang WR, Losic D, Orbons S, Meams FJ, Shapter JG, Hibbert DB. 2003. Protein electrochemistry using aligned carbon nanotube arrays. J Am Chem Soc 125 9006-9007. 

Gooding, J.J., et al., Protein Electrochemistry Using Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2003.125(30) p. 9006-9007. 

In electrochemistry, the term bioelectrochemistry is generally used to indicate electrochemistry of or in biological systems [ii]. Examples are -> enzyme electrodes, - biofuel cells, -> biosensors, -> immunoassays, electrochemical -> protein electrochemistry. 

C. The Microscopic Model in Protein Electrochemistry Electrochemistry of Protein-Protein Complexes Electrochemistry of Redox Enzymes... 

The direct electrochemistry of redox proteins has developed significantly in the past few years. Conditions now exist that permit the electrochemistry of all the proteins to be expressed at a range of electrodes, and important information about thermodynamic and kinetic properties of these proteins can be obtained. More recently, direct electron transfer between redox enzymes and electrodes has been achieved due to the more careful control of electrode surfaces. The need for biocompatible surfaces in bioelectrochemistry has stimulated the development of electrode surface engineering techniques, and protein electrochemistry has been reported at conducting polymer electrodes 82) and in membranes 83, 84). Furthermore, combination of direct protein electrochemistry with spectroscopic methods may offer 85) a novel way of investigating structure-function relationships in electron transport proteins. 

Electrochemical Investigations of the Interfacial Behavior of Proteins Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Catalysis in Microemulsions Interfacial Infrared Vibrational Spectroscopy Some Aspects of the Thermodynamic Structure of Electrochemistry... 

Analogous to the use of spin probes in the investigation of polymer coated electrodes is the use of a spin label to investigate the electrode-solution interface. A "spin-labelled electrode has been produced by Hill and coworkers [102] by the adsorption of a spin label on to the surface of a gold electrode. The spin label was based upon compounds used for the promotion of protein electrochemistry [103], when adsorbed on electrode surfaces, and is shown in Fig. 40(a). In-situ ESR experiments on the spin-labelled electrode... 

Parker VD, Seefeld LC. A Mediated thin-layer voltammetry method for the study of redox protein electrochemistry. Anal Biochem 1997 247 152-157. 

In this chapter we first describe components and the organization of some important biological redox systems. We then discuss advantages of electroactive polymers for this type of application and review the work so far in different areas of redox protein electrochemistry, redox enzyme electrochemistry, and redox... 

In contrast to the area of redox protein electrochemistry, redox enzyme electrochemistry has received much greater attention, driven in many cases by the desire to construct practical, self-contained enzyme electrodes for commercial applications. Redox enzyme electrochemistry is also easier to study in many ways because the substrate or product is often detected electrochemically rather than the enzyme itself. Various types of electroactive polymers have been used with redox enzymes, including redox polymers, redox-active hydrogels, and electropolymer-ized films of conducting and nonconducting, polymers. We discuss each type of polymer in turn, starting with electropolymerized films. 

Rushng, J.F. and Z. Zhang (2002). Polyion and surfactant films on electrodes for protein electrochemistry. Electroanal. Meth. Bio. Mat. 195-231. 

Lui, S.M. and J.A. Cowan (1994). Direct reversible protein electrochemistry at a pyrol54ic graphite electrode. Characterization of the redox thermodynamics of the Fe4S4-siroheme prosthetic center in the hexameric dissimilatory sulfite reductase and the monomeric assimilatory snlflte reductase from desulfovibrio vulgaris (Hilden-hourgh). Systematic pH titration experiments and implications for active site chemistry./.Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 11538-11549. 

Protein Electrochemistry Coupled to Biological Electron-transport Systems.201... 

---