Carbon monoxide vegetation

This is not the case in most fires where some oi the intermediate produces, formed when large, complex molecules are broken up, persist. Examples are hydrogen cyanide from wool and silk, acrolein from vegetable oils, acetic acid from timber or paper, and carbon or carbon monoxide from the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous materials. As the fire develops and becomes hotter, many of these intermediates, which are often toxic, are destroyed—for example, hydrogen cyanide is decomposed at about 538°C (1000°F). 

For any pollutant, air quality criteria may refer to different types of effects. For example. Tables 22-1 through 22-6 list effects on humans, animals, vegetation, materials, and the atmosphere caused by various exposures to sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, and lead. These data are from fhe Air Quality Criteria for these pollutants published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

Carbon monoxide poses no significant residual risk to feedstock (e.g., hay or grain). If metal carbonyls have been released, the topmost layer of unprotected feedstock should be destroyed. The remaining material should be quarantined until tested for metal residue. It is unlikely that sufficient residue would remain on leaves of forage vegetation to pose a significant threat. 

Hydrogenated vegetable oil, in cosmetic molded sticks, 7 840t Hydrogenation(s), 13 769 acetylene, 1 180 10 613-614 alkylanthraquinone, 14 47 asymmetric, 5 210—212 butadiene, 4 370 carbon monoxide, 5 3 carbon dioxide, 26 881 catalytic, 10 504 catalytic aerogels for, l 763t chlorocarbons, 6 235 conditions of, 10 810 cyclopentadiene and dicyclopentadiene, 8 224-225... 

The contribution of savannah fires exceeds 40% of the global level of biomass burning as a result of which the atmosphere receives minor gas components, such as non-methane hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, methane, etc., as well as aerosols. According to available estimates for the period 1975-1980, 40%-70% of savannahs were burnt every year, about 6% of such fires took place in Africa. In 1990 about 2 1091 of vegetable biomass were burnt, and as a result 145TgCO got into the atmosphere, which constituted about 30% of anthropogenic CO emissions. 

For perishable commodities, the use of modified atmospheres to extend postharvest life and quality of fruit and vegetables has been practised for over 60 years, and the technique is now widely used in combination with lowered temperature and raised humidity. The atmospheres used for storage (up to 10% CO2, < 5% oxygen) include those known to be effective against insect pests, but the low-temperature combination acts against the efficacy of the treatment. For fungistatic action, the addition of 5-10% carbon monoxide to the atmosphere provides protection for commodities that cannot tolerate high C02 levels (Kader and Ke, 1994). 

It is believed that CO formation caused by natural burning is also small as compared to the production rate of man-made atmospheric carbon monoxide. The same is probably true in case of the oxidation of terpenoid hydrocarbons emitted by vegetation (see Subsection 3.3.3). However, as Wilks (1959) pointed out green plants can directly emit carbon monoxide due to the photodecomposition of pigments and... 

Inorganic i-( )nor- ga-nik (1794) adj. Designation of compounds that generally do not contain carbon. Source matter other than vegetable or animal. Examples sulfuric acid and salt. Exceptions are carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide and their derivatives. 

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