Carbon dioxide continued storage

The question often arises whether a sample must be analyzed immediately or can be stored, and if so, under what conditions and for how long (B4a, H5a, W9a). Freshly drawn blood maintained anaerobically (A3) at 38 C decreases in pH at the rate of —0.062 unit per hour and in pCOj, at 4.8 1.3 mg Hg per hour. At 0-4°C, the change is minimal — 0.006 0.004 pH unit and 0.6 0.06 mm Hg. There has been controversy concerning the use of minerol oil to maintain specimens for carbon dioxide analysis (G2). Paulsen found that values of total carbon dioxide in plasma collected in stoppered tubes with and without paraflSn oil were identical if the tubes without oil were completely filled to the stopper (P4). The loss of carbon dioxide in tubes stored at room temperature without oil was about 6 mEq/1 in 2.5-4 hours. The problem for the laboratory is unfilled tubes and the storage of separated serum or plasma before analysis and in plastic cups during continuous-flow procedures. 

Basalts are also widely distributed in nature. Commonly, they have low porosity, low permeability and low pore space continuity. These properties do not bode well for gas storage. Nonetheless, basalt may have some potential for the permanent mineral trapping of carbon dioxide, because the gas may react with silicates in the matrix to form carbonate minerals. This requires further investigation. 

In terms of ocean disposal of carbon dioxide, further studies must be undertaken in the areas of physical chemistry, oceanography and marine biology to establish the fate of the carbon dioxide that is injected and its impact on the sea-bed ecology. This will necessitate both small-scale laboratory studies and pilot-scale demonstrations in carefully selected areas where the environmental consequences will be localized. Considerable effort will be required to demonstrate to a sceptical public that the practice would give rise to no adverse consequences. At the end of the day, should geological storage prove to be unsatisfactory or insecure, the ultimate choice may lie between release to the atmosphere or to the oceans, and the latter may be the lesser environmental evil. For this reason, if for no other, it is important to continue investigating marine disposal as a fall-back option. 

All of the elements of carbon capture and storage have been separately proven and deployed in various fields of commercial activity. In fact, approximately 32 million tons of carbon dioxide is already stored worldwide and this number continues to increase. 

An example of folded plate technology are bellows-style collapsible plastic containers such as blow molded bottles that are foldable. The foldable shaped containers in contrast to that of the usual shaped botdes provides advantages and conveniences. Examples include reduced storage as the container s content is reduced, transportation volume and weight costs relate to the collapsed size, and disposal space prolonged product freshness by reducing oxidation and loss of carbon dioxide and provides extended life via continuous collapsing surface access to foods like mayonnaise and jams. 

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