Carbohydrates carbohydrate-protein recognition

An illustrative example of carbohydrate-protein recognition has been reported by Chen and coworkers [192] using a C18-mucin mimic polymer that interacts hydro-phobically with SWCNTs. This biohybrid is able to specifically recognize the lectin Hdixpomatia agglutinin (Figure 1.15 A). Galactose-modified CNTs are able to capture... 

The chromatic transition was completely blocked by a-methyl sialoside, a soluble competitive inhibitor of the influenza virus, demonstrating that binding of the virus to the film was due to a specific carbohydrate-protein recognition event. This experiment demonstrated that the chromatic transition of the PDA backbone could be triggered by molecular recognition of a membrane surface ligand that was covalently attached to the polymerized lipid. 

Mammalian Glycoproteins and Carbohydrate-Protein Recognition Studies... 

Section 25 16 Carbohydrates and proteins that are connected by a chemical bond are called glycoproteins and often occur on the surfaces of cells They play an impor tant role m the recognition events connected with the immune response... 

Extracellular matrix The surfaces of animal cells are covered with a flexible and sticky layer of complex carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. This complex coating is cell-specific, serves in cell-cell recognition and communication, creates cell adhesion, and provides a protective outer layer. 

Lis, H. Sharon, N., Lectins Carbohydrate-specific proteins that mediate cellular recognition. Chem. Rev. 1998, 98, 637-674. 

The recognition step, the first event in carbohydrate protein interactions, is dependent on the overall conformation of the oUgosac aride in aqueous solution. Therefore, it is important to determine whether the conformational characteristics of the natural compounds are reflected in the substrate analogues. The most usual methods to achieve this goal is the combination of NMR spectroscopy, molecular mechanics calculations and X-ray data. On this basis, only few conformational studies of thiodisaccharides were reported. 

Glycolipids are membrane lipids in which the hydrophilic head groups are oligosaccharides, which, as in glycoproteins, act as specific sites for recognition by carbohydrate-binding proteins. 

Many biologically important interactions at the molecular level involve carbohydrates and proteins, and there is no natural recognition mode that is more intimate and specific. 

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