Cannel coal

Fackel, /. torch, -baum, m. marsh elder, -fohre, /. Scotch pine (Pinua aylveatria). -glanz, m. (of wine) perfect clearness, -kohle, /. cannel coal, -palme, /. sago palm. 

Oil produced in England by retorting oil shale and cannel coal. 

The significant liquefaction yields that are presumed to have been derived from some macrinite-rich samples may attest to a contribution to conversion from this maceral. However, results from durains, and splint and cannel coals, which may contain large amounts of macrinite, generally have been variable (50). The conversion which we achieved with a coal containing 21% macrinite indicated that there was a contribution to the liquid products of batch hydrogenation from this maceral. Further, the residues examined from runs made with this coal at a series of temperatures contained no distinguishable macrinite product once a temperature of 425°C had been reached (66). 

Canned motor pumps, 27 76-78 Canned pet foods, 70 849 Cannel coal, 6 705 Cannizzaro reaction, 72 110 solid-state crossed, 76 574 Cannon-Fenske viscometer, 27 728 Canoe fragrances, 75 360 Canonical ensemble, 7 33 Cans, two- and three-piece, 75 37-38. 

Polvere "Cannel". A Cheddite-type expl contg Amm Perchlorate 80 Cannel coal from Scotland 20% was proposed in 1900 by U. Alvisi as a blasting expl (Ref 1, p 200)... 

Judson Dynamite or Powders. American expls patented by E. Judson in 1876 and manufd in Drakesville, NJ. These expls were, in fact, a combination of Black Powder NG and were much more powerful than straight BlkPdr, although some of them contained only a small-amt of NG. For example, one compn contained NG 5, NaN03 64, sulfur 16 bituminous coal (cannel coal) 15%. Judson s expls were also called RRP (meaning Railroad Powders)... 

Materials. Analyses. The coal analyses are given in Table II both black durain and cannel coals are rich in sporinite material while the remainder are highly vitrainous. Two experiments were also carried out with material other than coal one with Neospectra carbon black and the other with a soot residue formed by the reaction of coal (CRC 802) in the plasma. The analysis (% daf basis) of the Neospectra carbon black was as follows C, 92.0 H, 0.8 N, 0.05 O by difference, 7.2 volatile matter, 9.2. All the materials were vacuum dried at 110°C. for several hours prior to use. 

Cannel Coal, A variety of soft or bituminous coal, sufficiently hard to be cut and polished. It is rich in volatile matter (40-60%) and bums with a clear, yel, "candle-like flame. Its d is 1.2-1.3 and heat value ca 14000 BTU. It is found in England (Lancashire) and US (Cannelburg, Indiana Jellico district, Kentucky). Has been used as a substitute for candles, as fuel in fireplaces, in metallurgy and for enriching gases obtained from other coal. Has also been used as a component of Cannel Explosives (qv)... 

Cannol Explosives (Poudre au cannel). Expl mixts of Amm perchlorate and cannel coal suitable for mining, patented in 1900 by Alvisi (Refs 1 2). 

The compn used in Australia contained 5ps of Amm perchlorate and lp of cannel coal (from Scotland) (Ref 2). The compn given in Ref 3 is Amm perchlorate 80 cannel coal 20%... 

Cremonita.A blasting expl consisting of AN 80 cannel coal 20%... 

The scratch hardness of coal can be determined by measuring the load on a pyramidal steel point required to make a scratch 100 xm in width on the polished surface of a specimen. The scratch hardness of anthracite is approximately six times that of soft coal, whereas pyrite is almost 20 times as hard as soft coal (Table 8.3). Similar data were noted for anthracite and cannel coal, but durain, the reputedly hard component of coal, was found to be only slightly harder than vitrain and cannel coal. 

Boghead coal same as cannel coal, except that algal remains can be seen under the microscope. See also Coal. 

Cannel coal Nonbanded coal in which the liptinite is predominantly sporinite. Fusain coal layers composed of chips and other fragments in which the original form of plant tissue structure is preserved commonly has fibrous texture with a very dull luster friable and resembles charcoal commonly concentrated in bedding layers or lenses that form planes of weakness in coal and thus is often exposed on bedding surfaces of broken coal. 

Bituminous coal baked in an oven yields a solid carbonaceous material called coke, which is used as a reducing agent in the smelting of iron. Jet is a term applied to high-quality specimens of lignite that have been used to make decorative objects and jewelry. Jet and peat, which is compressed, partially decayed plant matter, will be discussed in Chapter 4 Plants. Cannel coal is another term for hard, compact lignite. This name has been applied to material from Whitby, where most commercial jet comes from, and from Scotland. Objects made of this material date back at least to the Bronze age in Britain (2100-1700 BC). 

Cannel coal is a dull, compact, bituminous coal, that is to say it is rich in volatile hydrocarbons and bums very easily. It consists of varied plant debris, and under magnification it can be seen that it is made up of spores. It is brittle with a slightly paler sheen than that of jet and does not take such a high polish. It has a conchoidal fracture but produces a black powder when worked. It was more commonly used for large pieces than for jewellery. It leaves a black streak when mbbed against a matt surface such as unglazed porcelain. 

Oil Shale and Cannel Coal, I, Inst. Petrol, London, 1938,... 

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