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Calorie intake

Thiamine requirements vary and, with a lack of significant storage capabiHty, a constant intake is needed or deficiency can occur relatively quickly. Human recommended daily allowances (RDAs) in the United States ate based on calorie intake at the level of 0.50 mg/4184 kj (1000 kcal) for healthy individuals (Table 2). As Httle as 0.15—0.20 mg/4184 kJ will prevent deficiency signs but 0.35—0.40 mg/4184 kJ are requited to maintain near normal urinary excretion levels and associated enzyme activities. Pregnant and lactating women requite higher levels of supplementation. Other countries have set different recommended levels (1,37,38). [Pg.88]

Paris. Carbohydrates such as these provide a significant portion of human calorie intake. ([Pg.742]

Amphetamines may be used in the short-term treatment of exogenous obesity (obesity caused by a persistent calorie intake that is greater than needed by the body). However, their use in treating exogenous obesity has declined because the long-term use of the amphetamines for obesity carries the potential for addiction and abuse... [Pg.247]

Rice is one of the most important and basic staple foods for about half of the world s population and provides over 20% of the global calorie intake. World rice production is projected to expand by 1.4% per year to 424 million tonnes by 2005, according to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). [Pg.892]

Moderate weight loss has been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk, as well as delay or prevent the onset of DM in those with pre-diabetes. The recommended primary approach to weight loss is therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC), which integrates a 500 to 1000 kcal/day reduction in calorie intake and... [Pg.652]

It is debatable whether obesity is related to total calorie intake or composition of macronutrients. Of the three macronutrients (i.e., carbohydrate, protein, and fat), fat has received the most attention given its desirable texture and its ability to augment the flavor of other foods. Food high in fat promotes weight gain in comparison with the other macronutrients because fat is more energy-dense. When compared with carbohydrate and protein, more than twice as many calories per gram are contained in fat. In addition, fat is stored more easily by the body compared with protein and carbohydrate.23... [Pg.1530]

Essential fatty acid deficiency is rare but can occur with prolonged lipid-free parenteral nutrition, very low fat enteral formulas, severe fat malabsorption, or severe malnutrition. The body can synthesize all fatty acids except for linoleic and linolenic acid, which should constitute approximately 2% to 4% of total calorie intake. [Pg.664]

Excess caloric intake is a prerequisite to weight gain and obesity, but whether the primary consideration is total calorie intake or macronutrient composition is debatable. [Pg.676]

Because of their non-metabolism or insignificant contribution to the calorie content of a diet, intense sweeteners seem to be an ideal means to lower calorie intake in sweet-tasting foods and beverages. Such a simple approach, however, would not take into consideration that function and properties of bulk sweeteners determine characteristics of many sweet-tasting products, e.g. texture, appearance and shelf stability amongst others.3... [Pg.229]

Food additives such as preservatives, sweetening agents, flavours, antioxidants, edible colours and nutritional supplements are added to the food to make It attractive, palatable and add nutritive value. Preservatives are added to the food to prevent spoilage due to microbial growth. Artificial sweeteners are used by those who need to check the calorie Intake or are diabetic and want to avoid taking sucrose. [Pg.176]

In simple terms, weight gain occurs when calorie intake exceeds calorie usage, and the excess fuel is stored as fat. [Pg.61]

The most common adverse effect associated with sulfonylurea administration is hypoglycemia, which may be provoked by inadequate calorie intake (e.g., skipping a meal), or increased caloric needs (e.g., increased physical activity). Collectively, sulfonylureas also tend to cause weight gain, which is undesirable in individuals... [Pg.772]

The relationship between diet and cancer risk is extremely complex (7). Factors that appear to enhance carcinogenesis under one set of conditions may have no effect or even inhibit carcinogenesis under different conditions (2). The link between dietary fat and cancer is complicated by many factors, in particular total calorie intake and fatty acid composition (2). Among the fatty acids that comprise lipid, only linoleic acid is clearly linked to the enhancement of carcinogenesis in rat manunary gland (5), pancreas (4) and colon (5). [Pg.262]

In their generally favourable study, Novick et al. (1993) found an increased rate of diabetes mellitus in methadone maintenance patients, which they ascribed to the same causes as the obesity finding, namely high calorie intake and sedentary lifestyle. [Pg.31]

How can this be Just look at the labels on products that line the shelves of your local supermarket low fat, zero fat, reduced fat, pseudofat. You would think we d all be withering away. Yet as fat consumption decreases, the percentage of overweight people rises. Mysterious Not really. Fat consumption may have gone down, but calorie intake has zoomed upwards. And, contrary to some of the popular rhetoric, calories do count. [Pg.137]

Overproduction of ketone bodies in uncontrolled diabetes or severely reduced calorie intake can lead to acidosis or ketosis. [Pg.652]

The average American eats six times the amount of fat needed daily. Limit fat consumption to 30 percent of calorie intake. [Pg.126]

An advantage of T-3/L-triiodothyronine administration over T-4/L-thyroxine was the lack of dependence upon the liver enzyme responsible for T-4/T-3 conversion. During diet restricted periods the liver naturally decreases the liver enzyme levels as a control measure to prevent metabolic rate induced starvation. Just as the liver increases production of this enzyme in response to elevated calorie intake it also reduces levels in response to decreased calorie intake. Remember that T-4 /L-thyroxine is only 20% as active as T-3/L-triiodothyronine. [Pg.111]


See other pages where Calorie intake is mentioned: [Pg.80]    [Pg.7]    [Pg.136]    [Pg.57]    [Pg.167]    [Pg.91]    [Pg.608]    [Pg.102]    [Pg.21]    [Pg.128]    [Pg.131]    [Pg.172]    [Pg.105]    [Pg.325]    [Pg.610]    [Pg.600]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.397]    [Pg.32]    [Pg.138]    [Pg.139]    [Pg.252]    [Pg.5]    [Pg.142]    [Pg.114]    [Pg.121]    [Pg.151]    [Pg.162]    [Pg.163]    [Pg.167]    [Pg.172]    [Pg.174]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.19 , Pg.91 , Pg.99 ]




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