Calcium sodium silicate

Aluminosilicate. See Aluminum (III) silicate (2 1) Aluminosilicates, zeolites. See Zeolite Aluminosilicic acid, calcium sodium salt. See Aluminum calcium sodium silicate Aluminosilicic acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium aluminum silicate Aluminosilicic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium silicoaluminate Aluminum... 

BDMA. See 1,4-Butanediol dimethacrylate N-Benzyldimethylamine BDO BDO, 1,4-BDO. See 1,4-Butanediol BeadylBeads. See Aluminum calcium sodium silicate... 

Calcium sodium aluminosilicate. See Aluminum calcium sodium silicate... 

Aluminum calcium sodium silicate Bauxite Bismuth oxychloride Calcium metasilicate Diatomaceous earth... 

Basalt Dark, fine-grained igneous rock composed mostly of plagioclase (a calcium-sodium silicate mineral) and pyroxene (a magnesium iron silicate mineral). 

Granite Igneous rock composed of coarse crystals (greater than about 2 millimeters) of plagioclase (calcium-sodium silicate mineral), alkali feldspar (potassium-sodium silicate mineral), and quartz (all silicate with no other plus ions), and a few dark silicate minerals. 

Phase Diagram Calcium silicates are the most important constituents of hydraulic Portland cements (see Chapter 5), as well as of basic and acidic blast furnace slags and stabilized refractories based on dolomite they also occur as devitrification products of some technical CNS (calcium sodium silicate) glasses. The phase diagram is complicated, as shown in Figure 3.24. 

Zeolites are naturally occurring hydrous aluminum-sodium silicates in porous granule form. They are capable of exchanging their sodium base for calcium or magnesium and of expelling these alkaline earth metals for sodium by treatment with salt. Thus, they are a type of ion-exchange media. (Some zeolites act as molecular sieves by adsorption of water and polar compounds.)... 

Several different possible zeolite structures may result, and if the sodium content is too high, calcium and magnesium are excluded and a hard zeolite scale of sodium-aluminum silicate preferentially forms. If only calcium is present, calcium-aluminum silicate zeolite forms, also as a hard scale. If only magnesium is present in solution, it forms the flocculant magnesium aluminate, MgAl204. 

Silicon w is first isolated and described as an element in 1824 by Jdns Jacob Berzelius, a Swedish chemist. Silicon does not occur uncombined in nature, i.e.- as an element. It is found in practically aU rocks as well as in sand, clays, and soils, combined either with oxygen as silica (Si02= silicon dioxide) or with oxygen plus other elements (e.g., aliuninum, mcignesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, or iron) as silicates. Its compounds also occur in all natural waters, in the atmosphere (as siliceous dust), in many plants, and in the skeletons, tissues, and body fluids of some animals. 

The metal chlorides normally used as chlorinating agents are the low-cost reagents sodium chloride and calcium chloride. Silicates, carbonates and sulfates can be chloridized... 

Rates also do not include a variety of special charges (i.e., bridge tolls) that are sometimes applicable. The chart for dry bulk commodities approximates cost of trucking items such as alum, calcium chloride,coal-tar pitch, phosphate, potash, soda ash, sodium silicate, salt cake and urea. 

Joosten Also known as the two-shot system. A chemical grouting system for solidifying permeable sandy masses and masonry composed of sandy materials. Successive injections of sodium silicate and calcium chloride solutions are made through a pipe, which terminates in the ground to be hardened. Calcium silicate precipitates and binds the soil particles together. Invented by H. Joosten in 1928. See also Siroc. 

Builders (LD, ADW, HC) Enhance cleaning efficiency of surfactant by reducing water hardness Calcium binding capacity Soil dispersibility Alkalinity Bleach stabilization and anticorrosion capability Zeolite Citrate Polycarboxylate Carbonate Sodium silicates 20-30% 0-4% 0- 5% 5-30% 1- 20%... 

Remembering that slaked lime will decompose sodium silicate, producing caustic soda and calcium silicate, in accordance with the following equation — NajSiOs + Ca(OH)j = 2NaOH + CaSiO, ... 

The next major raw material for which we discuss the derived chemicals is calcium carbonate, common limestone. It is the source of some carbon dioxide, but, more importantly, it is used to make lime (calcium oxide) and slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). Limestone, together with salt and ammonia, are the ingredients for the Solvay manufacture of sodium carbonate, soda ash. Soda ash is also mined directly from trona ore. The Solvay process manufactures calcium chloride as an important by-product. Soda ash in turn is combined with sand to produce sodium silicates to complete the chemicals in the top 50 that are derived from limestone. Since lime is the highest-ranking derivative of limestone in terms of total amount produced, we discuss it first. Refer to Fig. 2.1, Chapter 2, Section 1, for a diagram of limestone derivatives. 

The compound occurs in nature as the mineral, berlinite. Also, it occurs in nature in minerals, amblygonite, [NaAl(P04)(0H)j augelite, [Al2(P04)(0H)3] lazulite, [(Mg,Fe)Al2(P04)2(0H)2] variscite [(Al,Fe3+)(P04) 2H20] andwavel-lite, [Al3(0H)3 (P04)2 5H20]. It is used as flux for ceramics as cement in combination with calcium sulfate and sodium silicate and in the manufacture of special glasses. It is also used in dried gel and therapeutically as an antacid. 

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