Cadmium reproductive effects

Dixon, R.L., l.P. Lee, and R.J. Sherins. 1976. Methods to assess reproductive effects of environmental chemicals studies of cadmium and boron administered orally. Environ. Health Perspect. 13 59-67. 

Endocrine and Reproductive Effects. Because the male and female reproductive organs are under complex neuroendocrine and hormonal control, any toxicant that alters any of these processes can affect the reproductive system (see Chapters 17 and 20). In addition metals can act directly on the sex organs. Cadmium is known to produce testicular injury after acute exposure, and lead accumulation in the testes is associated with testicular degeneration, inhibition of spermatogenesis, and Leydig-cell atrophy. 

Cadmium TT a simple microcosm experiment associating two biotic levels conducted in a Petri dish allows measurement of reproduction effects on daphnids following Cd contamination of either their food source (algae) or of their water medium. I (Janati-Idrissi et ah, 2001)... 

An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cd. See also CADMIUM COMPOUNDS. 

Many studies have reported the effects of metals on general soil microbiological processes. Metals including cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc have been reported to inhibit many of the microbial processes listed above. Metal toxicity in the environment ultimately decreases litter decomposition, which can be measured by the rate of mass loss. Both copper (0.5 mg Cu g4 soil) and zinc (1.0 mg Zn g 1 soil) were shown to decrease the rate of decomposition of unpolluted Scots pine needle litter near a brass mill in Sweden.61 Duarte et al.63 also determined that copper and zinc toxicity reduced leaf decomposition rates and fungal reproduction. Other metals, such as cadmium, nickel, and lead, have also been reported to decrease litter decomposition.77... 

Gomot, A. 1998. Toxic effects of cadmium on reproduction, development, and hatching in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis for water quality monitoring. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 41 288-297. 

Roux, D.J., P.L. Kempster, E. Truter, and L. van der Merwe. 1993. Effect of cadmium and copper on survival and reproduction of Daphnia pulex. Water SA (Pretoria) 19 269-274. 

Spurgeon, D.J., SR. Hopkin, and D.T. Jones. 1994. Effects of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc on growth, reproduction and survival of the earthworm Eiseniafetida (Savigny) assessing the environmental impact of point-source metal contamination in terrestrial ecosystems. Environ. Pollut. 84 123-130. 

Reish, D.J. and T.V. Gerlinger. 1964. The effects of cadmium, lead, and zinc on survival and reproduction in the polychaetous annelid Neanthes arenaceodentata (F. Nereididae). Pages 383-389 in P.A. Hutchings (ed.) Proceedings of the First International Polychaete Conference. Sydney. Linnean Soc., N.S.W., Australia. 

The reproductive systems of both males and females can be harmed by particular chemicals. In males certain chemicals cause the testes to atrophy and reduce or eliminate their capacity to produce sperm. Particularly striking in this regard is a now banned but once widely used pesticide called DBCP, residues of which persist in ground water supplies in a few regions of the country. Its pronounced impact on spermatogenesis is readily detectable in experimental animals and, unfortunately, has also been observed in some men once occupation-ally exposed to large amounts. The heavy metal cadmium is another substance effective at reducing sperm production. 

Trace metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, mercury, zinc) Industrial and municipal wastewaters runoff from urban areas and landfill erosion of contaminated soils and sediments atmospheric deposition Toxic effects including birth defects, reproductive failure, cancer, and systemic poisoning. 

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