Brown, Adrian

Brown, G. E., Adrian, J. C., Smyth, E., Leet, H., and Brennan, S. (2000). Ostariophysan alarm pheromones laboratory and field tests of the functional significance of nitrogen oxides. Journal of ChemicalEcology 26,139-154. 

A new method of determining the presence of tyrosine by bromina-tion was introduced by Horace Brown and employed by Adrian Brown and Millar in 1906 for estimating the rate at which tyrosine is split off from proteins by the action of trypsin. This method might be used for the estimation of tyrosine in proteins its non-employment may be due to the fact that tryptophane and also histidine react with bromine and might thus vitiate the result for tyrosine. 

In addition, Adrian also observed a hypertrophy of the caecum, liver, and kidneys, and a decrease in fertility (20,133) attributed to a certain toxicity or to nutritional deficiencies. Lee et al. (33) observed a hypertrophy of the liver and kidney and an increase of the serum transaminases (GOT and GPT) with Maillard fractions extracted from browned apricots, and Kimiagar et al. (47) observed larger changes in biological parameters after a long-term study with browned egg albumin. 

Williamson, M. A. 1996. Personal communication. Adrian Brown Consultants, Inc., Denver, CO. 

Chivers DP, Wisenden BD, Hindman CJ, Michalak TA, Kusch RC, Kaminskyj SGW, Jack KL, Ferrari MCO, Pollock RJ, Halbgewachs CF, Pollock MS, Alemadi S, James CT, Savaloja RK, Goater CP, Corwin A, Mirza RS, Kiesecker JM, Brown GE, Adrian JC Jr, Krone PH, Blaustein AR, Mathis A (2007) Epidermal alarm substance cells of fishes are maintained by non-alarm functions possible defence against pathogens, parasites and UVB radiation. Proc Biol Sci 274 2611-2620... 

Brown GE, Adrian JC Jr, Kaufman IH, Erickson JL, Gershaneck D (2001) Responses to nitrogen-oxides by chariciform fishes suggest evolutionary conservation in Ostariophysian alarm pheromones. In Marchlewska-Koj A, Lepri J, Muller-Schwarze D (eds) Chemical signals in vertebrates. Plenum, New York, pp 305-312... 

Brown, G.E., Poirier, J.-F. and Adrian, J.C., Jr. in review. Assessment of local predation risk the role of subthreshold concentrations of chemical alarm cues. Behav. Ecol. 

Brown, G. E., Adrian, J. C. Jr., Patton, T., and Chivers, D. P., 2001c, Fathead minnows learn to recognize predator odour when exposed to concentrations of artificial alarm pheromones below their behavioural response thresholds. Can. J. Tool. 79 2239-2245. 

The biochemistry of the late nineteenth century has an interesting connection with the manufacture of vitamin C. The basis of this process relied on the development of the concepts of fermentation and catalysis, but it emerged directly from a microbial oxidation described in a short paper written by Adrian Brown (1886a). The background to his work, and its industrial setting, can provide the focus for a broader introduction to the use of enzymatic catalysis in modem organic chemistry. It will also suggest an answer to the question posed earlier. 

These views, and the research on which they were based, were part of the mainstream of organic chemistry. The nature of enzyme action was also by this time an important topic for research in its own right. The developments which eventually led to the Michaelis-Menten theory were ones in which Adrian Brown, his elder brother Horace, and others from the group at Burton-on-Trent all played a major part (Boyde, 1980 Teich and Needham, 1992). Curiously, in their publications, the word catalysis itself is conspicuous by its absence. 

Plate 1.1. Portrait of Adrian Brown. (From Armstrong, 1921 reproduced with the kind permission of the Institute of Brewing.) Memorial plaque now in the School of Biochemistry at the University of Birmingham. (Reproduced with the kind permission of the head of the School of Biochemistry, University of Birmingham.)... 

Armstrong, H. E. (1921). Adrian Brown Memorial Lecture. The Particulate Nature of Enzymic and Zymic Change. J. Inst. Brewing, 18, 197-260. 

Preparation, The biochemical oxidation of sorbitol is the most convenient source of this sugar, which, as an intermediate in the commercial synthesis of ascorbic acid, is prepared in large quantities by this method. The early researches by Bertrand 100) showed that sorbitol may be oxidized by sorbose bacteria Acetobacter xylinum Adrian Brown) to L-sorbose. Yields of 50 to 75 % are reported. By carrying out the fermentation with Acetobacter suboxydans in rotating drums instead of utilizing surface cultures of Bertrand s organism, yields of over 90% are obtained 101),... 

ADRIAN P. BROWN, PHILIP E. JOHNSON and MATTHEW L HILLS Department ofBrassica and Oilseeds Research, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH,UX,... 

Adrian P. Brown, Jack Coleman, Andrew M. Tommey, Martin D. 

In 1902, Adrian Brown proposed an explanation for the rate of hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose catalysed by the yeast enzyme j5-fructofuranosidase, based on the formation of a complex between the enzyme and its substrate [2]. Today, the mechanism involving such an intermediate is expressed as... 

Manuf./Distrib. ABCR AXO Chem. Aceto Adrian Amer. Advanced BioTech Akzo Nobel Allan Allchem Ind. Arkema Astral Extracts Augustus Oils Ltd /kxxence Aromatic GmbH BCH Bruhl Brown Camida Ltd Cargill Flavors Fruit Systems USA Charkit ChemService China Nat l. Chem. Construction Chinessence ... 

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