Broomrape

Strigol is a natural product with unusually strong properties as a germination stimulant for parasitic weeds of the genera Striga (witchweed) and Orobanche (broomrape). 

Jacobsohn R, Greenberger A, Katan J, Levi M, Alon H (1980) Control of Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) and other weeds by means of solar heating of the soil by polyethylene mulching. Weed Sci 28 312-316... 

Allelopathy found hopeful utilization in plant protection against parasite weeds. The main world parasitic species are the witchweeds (Striga spp.), broomrapes (Orobanche spp.), and eventually dodder (Cuscuta spp.). Witchweeds and broom-rapes attack many economically important crops especially throughout the semi-arid regions. Early detection of parasitic weed infestation and protection is difficult because of the growth habit of a root parasite and huge production of dust-like seeds viable up to 20 years (Kebreab and Murdoch 1999). 

Eizenberg H, Plakhine D, Hershenhorn J, Kleifeld Y, Rubin B (2003) Resistance to broomrape (Orobanche spp.) in sunflower (Helianthus animus L.) is temperature dependent. J Exp Bot 54 1305-1311... 

Fernandez-Aparicio M, Sillero JC, Perez-de-Luque A, Rubiales D (2007) Identification of sources of resistance to crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata) in Spanish lentil (Lens culinaris) germplasm. Weed Res 48 85-94... 

Sillero JC, Cubero JI, Femandez-Aparicio M, Rubiales D (2005) Search for resistance to crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata) in Lathyrus. Lathyrus Lathyrism Newslett 4 7-9 Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK (2001) Allelopathy in agroecosystem An overview. J Crop Prod 4 1—42... 

Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma Rou Chon Wun (Broomrape) (whole plant) Boschnialactone, boschniakine, neoboschnialactone, echinocoside33244 Antioxidant activity, antisenile, immunopharmacological effect, stimulate hypothalamus-pituitary system, increase memory power, sex function. 

SL, when active, are specific of sunflower broomrape (O. cumana). Other broomrape species like tobacco (O. ramosa) or broadbean (O. crenata) broomrapes did not germinate in the presence of these compounds. Consequently, this behavior has been related with the high SL content in sunflower. 

Nash, S. M. and Wilhelm, S. 1960. Stimulation of broomrape seed germination. Phytopathology 50, 112-11A... 

Takeuchi, Y., Omigawa, Y., Ogasawara, M., Yoneyama, K., Konnai, M., and Worsham, A. D. 1995. Effects of brassinosteroids on conditioning and germination of clover broomrape (Orobanche minor) seeds. Plant Growth Reg. 16, 153-160... 

Pogorietsky, B.K. and Geshele, E.E., Sunflower s immunity to broomrape, downy mildew and rust, in Proceedings of the 7th International Sunflower Conference, Krasnodar, USSR, International Sunflower Association, Paris, 1976, pp. 238-243. 

Plants belonging to the family Asteraceae, including asters, daisies, and sunflowers, are rich sources of allelopathic sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene lactones. Heliannuol A (19) and its related compounds heliannanes, found in sunflower leaves, are thought to be involved in the allelopathic effects displayed by the plants.8 Some sesquiterpene lactones such as dehydrocostuslactone (20), santamarine (21), and reynosin (22) have been shown to induce seed germination of root parasitic plants,9 especially of sunflower broomrape Orobanche cumana.10... 

Serghini, K., Perez de Luque, A., Castejon-Munoz, M., Garcia-Torres, L. and Jorrin, J.V. (2001) Sunflower Helianthus annuus L.) response to broomrape (Orobanche cer-nua Loefl.) parasitism induced synthesis and excretion of 7-hydroxylated simple coumarins. /. Exp. Bot., 52, 2227-34. 

Dodders, broomrape, witchweed, and some mosses are important weeds on some agricultural, omamentel, and forest plants. They live on and get their... 

Because of the lengthy periods of viability of the seeds of Stri ga and Orobanche (broomrape) in the soil, effective control of these parasitic weeds is extremely difficult. An attractive method of control would involve treatment of an infected field with a biosynthetic product (such as strigol) or synthetic analog to induce suicidal germination of the weed seed in the absence of a host plant. The results of field tests with ethylene (11) and synthetic strigol analogs (12) offer evidence of the utility of this method of control. 

Parasitic weeds such as witchweeds (Striga spp.) and broomrapes (Orobanche spp.) are known to cause severe yield losses in grains and legumes in Africa, Asia and the USA. The seeds of such weeds remain... 

Texts on traditional Chinese medicine do not indicate any cautions for use of broomrape or desert broomrape during pregnancy or lactation (Bensky et al. 2004 Chen and Chen 2004). Although this review did not identify any concerns for use while pregnant or nursing, safety has not been conclusively established. 

Southwood OR (1971) The effects of superphosphate application, 2,4-DB and grazing on broomrape (Orobanche minor Sm.) in a subterranean clover pasture. Weed Res 11 240-246... 

Bromophenol (2-BP), 2905 4-Bromophenol (4-BP), 2905 Bronchial, 1964 asthma, 3477 muscle, 3991 Bronchitis, 3477 Bronchodilator, 1225 Broncho-vasodilatory activity, 3652 Broomrapes, 3585 BR signaling pathway, 3866 Brucea, 3780 Bruceantin, 3778, 3784 Bruceins, 3778 Bruceolide, 3778... 

Hemp can also suffer from fungi and diseases like Fusarium wilt, septoriosis and gray mildew are found especially in weather conditions promoting these diseases. Sometimes, especially if hemp is grown several times on the same stand, in may suffer from a parasitic plant, branched broomrape (Orobranche ramosa L.) [14]. Virus diseases may also sometimes attack hemp. 

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