Bridge seismic reinforcements

In this paper, the current seismic retrofitting systems for reinforced concrete piers/columns and bridge-falling prevention systems at the abutments and piers in Japan were studied. The application of epoxy resin for both systems was investigated and discussed. Furthermore, seismic design and construction for newly built structures were also introduced. 

Through researching the seismic responses of the bridge under El Centro waves with different peak acceleration, the maximum peak acceleration that the bridge can bear is 0.5 g. It means that the bridge is designed on the safe side and the section size and reinforcement ratio of pier can be reduced properly. 

Californian earthquakes, such as Whittier 1987, Loma Prieta 1989 and Northridge 1994, demonstrated the vulnerability of older reinforced concrete bridge columns to failure under seismic demands [230]. 

Lukose N, Gergely P, White RN (1982) Behaviour of reinforced concrete lapped splices for inelastic cyclic loading. ACI Struct J 79(5) 355-365 Ma R, Xiao Y (1999) Seismic retrofit and repair of circular bridge columns with advanced composite materials. Earthq Spectra 15(4) 747-764 Melek M, Wallace JW (2004) Cyclic behaviour of columns with short lap splices. ACI Struct J 101(6) 802-811... 

Xu SY, Zhang J (2011) Hysteretic shear-flexure interaction model of reinforced concrete columns for seismic response assessment of bridges. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 40 315-337... 

Application of (carbon fibre) polymer composite blankets as vibration damping stabilisers for bridge columns, seismic retrofits and structural reinforcements are recognised in recent years, while rubber seismic bearings have been used for a long time. 

Elsanadedy, H.M. (2002). Seismic performance and analysis of ductile composite-jacketed reinforced concrete bridge columns . Thesis (PhD), University of California at Irvine. 

Pantelides, C.P., and Gergely, J. (2002). Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer seismic retrofit of RC bridge bent design and in situ validation . Journal of Composites for Construction, 6(1) 52-60. 

Dr. Duan s research interests cover areas including inelastic behavior of reinforced concrete and steel structures, structural stability, seismic bridge analysis, and design. With more than 70 authored and coauthored papers, chapters, and reports, his research focuses on the development of unified interaction equations for steel beam-columns, flexural stiffness of reinforced concrete members, effective length factors of compression members, and design of bridge structures. 

Nawy, E. G. 1998. Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook, Boca Raton, EL CRC Press. Deals with recent advances in materials including high-strength concrete and fiber reinforcement as well as the main fields of reinforced and prestressed concrete. There are chapters on seismic and fire-resistant design, and specialist areas, such as offshore structures and prestressed concrete bridges. 

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Reinforced Concrete Structures Strengthened Structural Members and Structures Analytical Assessment Strengthening Techniques Bridges... 

This chapter presents the materials used for the seismic retrofit of structures covered by modem retrofit design codes and recommendations such as reinforced concrete, steel, and composite stmetures as well as masonry stmetures (EC8-3 2005 FEMA 547 2006 Fardis 2009 CNR-DT 200/2004). It discusses materials for both repair and strengthening of contemporary stmetures with special focus on reinforced concrete buildings and bridges (Priestley et al. 1996 Fardis 2009) as well as on advanced materials (high-performance cement-based materials, shape-memory alloys, fiber-reinforced polymers, textile-reinforced mortars, etc.). 

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