Breeding objectives

Essential research focuses on plant breeding (Muller ef al. 2000, Henatsch 2002, Lammerts van Bueren 2002, ABDP 2003), appropriate breeding objectives for livestock (Baars etal. 2003), the veterinary treatment of livestock (Walkenhorst ef al. 2004), ruminant feeding with low concentrate inputs, food quality and food quality evaluation methods (Selawry and Selawry 1957, Balzer-Graf 1987, Strube and Stolz 2000). 

The development of low-erucic acid rapeseed edible oil cultivars began after the identification of the discussed genetic sources of low erucic acid in both rapeseed species. Generic breeding objectives were still to develop locally adapted rapeseed cultivars with improved productivity and seed quality. Selection in both species was for maturity, seed yield, uniformity, lodging resistance, oil content, and iodine value in the oil. Seed quality improvement now included seed oil containing less than 5% erucic acid. 

While breeding objectives and approaches vary widely with species, most plant breeding programs are concerned primarily with exerting... 

Conventional breeding is dedicated to new technological developments in addition to the development of new breeding objectives. EHie to this, the concept of the use in cascades and product chains was established and optimized and breeding aims are defined accordingly. 

Globally, breeding objectives include seed yield, seed quality, local adaptation, disease and pest resistance, herbicide tolerance and development of specialty types for specific end uses. 

High Erucic Acid Rapeseed Breeding Objectives... 

The primary breeding objectives for winter HEAR cnltivars are to increase seed yield, increase oil production, improve meal qnaUty, increase erucic add concentration, improve disease resistance and, for the winter habit types, improve winter hardiness and frost tolerance (Downey and Rdbbelen, 1989). The objectives for breeding spring HEAR cultivars are similar. Improved weed control via development of herbicide-tolerant HEAR cnltivars is also a major breeding... 

Breeding for improved seed yield is the main breeding objective for HEAR cultivar development programs. Eor B. napus HEAR cultivars, this has involved, successively, selection within OPP landraces, crosses of OPPs and pedigree selection of derived families and hybrids (McVetty et al., 2009). 

Breeding for seed quality in HEAR focuses on increases in erucic acid concentration and enhanced oil and protein content (McVetty et al., 2(X)9 Eriedt and Snowdon, 2009). The development of SHEAR with over 66% erucic acid is an additional breeding objective (Scarth et al., 1992). 

Commercial flax cultivars are pure-lines developed via hybridization of inbred lines with complementary traits followed by pedigree selection of recombinant lines from segregating progeny (Culbertson, 1954 Kenaschuk, 1975). The aim is to obtain a pure-line cultivar that combines all the goies and meets the breeding objectives. 

This breeding objective was formulated in the 1960s. Climatic conditions of former Czechoslovakia forced breeders to develop new cultivars with an increased capability to accumulate sugars. After the year 2000, the frequency of warmer years also gradually increased in Czechoslovakia. That is why these cultivars are more likely suitable for making wines of a higher quality (above all in the... 

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