Brassica campestris yield

The interaction of weeds with crops may be positive too. In a study, controlled densities of wild mustard (Brassica campestris L. var. italica) interplanted with broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Premium Crop) increased the yield by 50% (Jimenez-Osomio and Gliessman 1987). 

Non-crop plants associated with the crop species offer possibilities for allelopathic weed control. In this study Brassica campestris (wild mustard), which is an important weed in Santa Cruz County, and broccoli, a common crop, were intercropped, The allelopathic potential of both species and the changes in this potential throughout their life cycle were demonstrated with experiments in the laboratory. Effects of different planting densities and sowing time of canpestris on the crop yield are analyzed. Preliminary steps to separate the physiologically active compound(s) are described. The possibilities for the use of Brassica campestris in agroecosystem design as a non-crop plant that promotes pest control are described. 

There are a large number of oilseeds some of them are very important because they yield edible oils. Among them are soybean (Glycine max), rapeseed (Brassica campestris), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). In addition to their lipid content, ranging from 20 to 55%, oilseeds often have substantial amounts of protein stored as protein bodies (30% or more v/v) and saccharides stored as cell wall components. Thus, the main subcellular structure consists of protein bodies 5 to 20 pm in diameter, surrounded by a cytoplasmic protein network in which are embedded the oil storage sites (Figure 2.1). These lipid bodies, sometimes referred to as spherosomes, are only 0.2 to 0.5 pm in diameter and are connected through a thin envelope. 

Because seed of the Brassica napus species was distributed widely at the outset of production, it dominated the acreage for a few years. Yield tests showed that Brassica napus outyielded Brassica campestris. However, earlier maturity and more shattering resistance of Brassica campestris were more agronomically desirable features particularly in the northern areas of production, and Brassica campestris soon occupied more acres than Brassica napus species. 

There are two types of rapeseed grown in Canada, Brassica campestris and Brassica napus, both of which yield oil and meal with generally similar characteristics. Earlier varieties of each type contained significant quantities of erucic acid (in the oil) and glucosinolates (in the meal) both of which have been shown to be of dietary concern erucic acid for humans and glucosiho-lates for animals. Canadian plant breeders have developed varieties of both the campestris and napus types which yield reduced levels of these substances. 

Nuttall, W.F., H. Ukrainetz, J.W.B. Stewart, and D.T. Spurr. 1987. The effect of nitrogen, sulphur and boron on yield and quahty of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. and B. campestris L.). Canad. Jour. Soil Sci. 67 545-559. Ohlendorf, H.M., D.J. Hoffman, M.K. Sadd, and T.W. Aldrich. 1986. Embryonic mortality and abnormalities of aquatic birds apparent impacts of selenium from irrigation drainwater. Sci. Total Environ. 52 49-63. Okay, O., H. Guclu, E. Soner, and T. Balkas. 1985. Boron pollution in the Simav River, Turkey and various methods of boron removal. Water Res. 19 857-862. 

In Sweden, where the summer and winter forms of both species are grown, average 1961-1968 yields for the winter forms of B. napus and B. campestris were 2700 and 1900 kg/ha, respectively, while the respective yield of the summer forms of the two species were 1700 and 1300 kg/ha (Loof, 1972). In Canada, yields of summer B. napus and B. campestris are lower, approximately 1200 and 900 kg/ha, respectively. Brassica juncea in Canada normally yields about 10% above B. napus. In Pakistan and India, average yields of rape and mustard are about 400-600 kg/ha. However, under irrigation B. juncea yields of 2000-2500 kg/ha are common (Prakash, 1980). 

Canola, the name of which derives from Canadian oil with low emcic acid, is a rapeseed cultivar Brassica napus L. and B. campestris L.), with a content of 40% oil and a high yield of oil per acre (127—160 gallons/acre) (Pahl, 2008). The main use of the oilseeds is human consumption, due to the lower level of erucic acid compared to traditional rapeseed oils. It is also used to produce livestock feed due to reduced levels of the toxin glucosinolates in the cake. 

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