Braided/directional

Fiber braided/directional Weaving fibers into a tubular shape. As an example, A8cP Technology, Cincinnati, OH, specializes in developing braided reinforcements using a variety of material types, braid forms, and braid architectures for applications ranging from prostheses to... 

Conductive Polymers Anodes currently available consist of a conductive-polymer graphite material coated on to a multistrand copper conductor. The polymer provides an active surface but shields the conductor from chemical attack. A non-conductive outer braid may be used to give abrasion resistance and avoid direct contact with the cathode. The finished anode has the appearance of an electric cable and is claimed to have applications for buried/immersed structures and for internal protection of tanks, etc. Anode current densities are typically given as 14-30mAm ... 

The reinforcement type and form chosen (woven, braided, chopped, etc.) will depend on the performance requirements and the method of processing the RP (Fig. 6-15). Fibers can be oriented in many different patterns to provide the directional properties desired. Depending on their packing arrangement, different reinforcement-to-plastic ratios are obtained (Appendix A. PLASTICS TOOLBOX). 

Nylons belong to the class of polymers known as engineering polymers that is, they are strong, tough, and heat resistant. We can readily extrude and mold nylons to form a wide variety of useful objects, such as tubing, furniture casters, and automotive air intake ducts. Nylons are commonly spun into filaments or fibers. These can be used directly, or braided, or twisted to form threads, yarns, cords, and ropes, which may be further woven to make fabrics. In their fibrous forms, nylons are used in carpets, backpacks, and hosiery. 

A large variety of hose constructions are produced by the rubber industry for a wide range of applications. To contain transported liquids, usually under pressure, it is necessary to reinforce the hose construction with fabric, yam or short fibres to constrain expansion of the rubber. Although hand-built construction using fabric still represents a proportion of the production, it is also very common to use yams either braided or knitted directly onto the hose liner. For heavy duty purposes it is also necessary to use wire, in a braided form, to either reinforce or protect the hose from external damage. Use of short fibres as reinforcement represents a small proportion of hose production and requires specialised dies for extrusion to orientate the fibres circumferentially. 

Recent experiments have suggested that the tip link, a complex of two or three braided glycoprotein filaments [19], may be made in part from cadherin-23, a Ca2+-dependent cell-adhesion molecule [20], Moreover, cadherin-23 can interact directly or indirectly with myosin- lc, suggesting that these two molecules form part of the transduction complex in hair cells [20]. 

Shipment and Storage. Sulfur dichloride, if kept dry, is noncorrosive at ambient temperatures, thus carbon steel and iron can be used in the construction of tanks, piping, and drums. However, when water or humidity is present, materials resistant to hydrochloric acid must be used, eg, glass-lined pipe, Teflon, titanium, Hastelloy C, or possibly a chemically resistant, glass-reinforced polyester. Threaded pipe joints should be assembled with Teflon tape. Hoses should be constructed with a Teflon inner lining with the outer tube constructed of Neoprene or braided 316 stainless steel protected by an adequate thickness of Teflon. Sulfur dichloride should be stored away from heat and away from direct rays of the sum. Toluene and sulfur dichloride react exothermically when catalyzed by iron or ferric chloride. Safety precautions should be followed when such a mixture is present (165). 

The plectonemic nature of the DNA double-helix makes it a tractable molecule for experiments in molecular topology. This is a very rich vein for the exploration of the topological properties of matter. In this chapter, we have tried to illuminate some of the techniques by which the single-stranded topology of DNA can be directed in synthetic molecules. Catenanes and knots, periodic braids, and Borro-mean rings are available from simple protocols, and it is to be hoped that the physical properties associated with complex topologies (Moffatt 1990) will become available through the medium of DNA constructions. 

Swedish detonating cord consists of a PETN core, covered with braided cotton threads, and protected by an outer coating of a plastic which is based on polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene. The quantity of PETN is 12g/m the total wt of Bonocord is 30g/m, and its outer diameter is 5.5mm. It has a deton vel of 6000—7000m/s, is initiated with a No 6 Exploder, and is used for direct detonation of all types of expl charges... 

The nickel single crystal(MARZ grade 99.995%, supplied by MRC) was metallographically polished down to 1 pm diamond paste, then chemically polished as described by Graham and Cohen (15). Transmission x-ray diffraction measurements confirmed the (100) direction of. the face to 0,0.5°. The specimen, of area o>2 cm2, was spot-welded to a nickel rod fastened to the specimen manipulator. It could be heated by electron bombardment or radiativity and cooled to vloO K through the nickel rod and a LN -cooled copper braid. A control unit held the crystal temperature (via a chromel-alumel thermocouple spot-welded to the back of the crystal) constant to within 1 K. 

Koschnick et al [59] report an EFG of 6.50 x 1020 V/m2 for their thin film sample (similar to the results of NMR and the Overhauser shift measurements) while Glaser et al [60] report EFGs of 5.91 x 1020 V/m2 and 5.32 x 1020 V/m2 for two different thin film samples. The disparity in these values is more than can be accounted for by experimental errors. Glaser and co-workers [61] have compared their results with the in-plane compressive strain ( 2 - 3 x 10 3) measured by X-ray diffraction and assumed the EFG obtained from the Overhauser shift measurements represents an unstrained GaN crystal. The reduction of the EFG with compressive strain indicates that the atoms in the fihns are in a somewhat more tetrahedral environment than those in the bulk, suggesting that the c-direction Ga-N braid is somewhat shorter than the three others in both the films and the bulk. This is consistent with the ratio of lattice constants, c/a, being less that the ideal value of (8/3)1/2... 

Braiding Two or more yams are intertwined to form an elongated stmcture. The long direction is called the bias direction or machine direction. 

Braiding involves interlacing of a yam in what is called the bias direction. Figure... 

In a multifilament yam or in a braided fabric, normal (i.e. in the radial direction) frictional force holds the fibers together. Such an interfiber friction is desirable if we wish to have strong yams and fabrics. However, there eire situations where we would like to have a smooth fiber surface. For example, in a yam passing round a guide, a smooth fiber surface is desirable. If the fiber surface is... 

On the given application board, a thick piece of copper foil (ora thick section of braided copper strands), with as short a length as possible, is placed directly across the diode solder pads on the PCB. A similar piece of conductor is placed across the output capacitor solder pads. Then, if we measure the inductance across the (open) primary winding pins, we will measure the effective leakage inductance Llk (not just Llkp)-... 

In that case braided wire can also be used. In the past, major power supply manufacturers had their own special custom-made metal brackets to connect the earth prong of the IEC inlet socket to the enclosure. But nowadays, standard IEC 320 inlets with built-in metal brackets are directly available, such as that from Methode Electronics Inc. at www.methode.com. 

---