Outer diameter

The analysis of the curves obtained in the thin-skin regime ean lead to a simple determination of slot length depending on the dimension of the probe chosen for the inspection. If the size of the probe (outer diameter) is smaller than the defect length we can notice 5 zones relative to the relationship between the position of the probe, the interaction of the induced eddy current and the slot, and the impedance change for the probe. 

The curve is symmetric from the middle of the slot. Hence the length of the defect is determined by the position of its edges at (x2+x3)/2 and -(x2+x3)/2 in the scanning direction of the probe. Of course this result is only true if we can distinguish the 5 zones on the curve. For other relative dimensions, for example a slot smaller than the probe (outer diameter), a curve like in set 1 is obtained, where the zones are confused. 

Our main application domain is the steam generator tubes of pressurized water nuclear plant. These tubes have 22.22 mm outer diameter and 1 27 mm thickness. 

Two different formed coils with the same outer diameter of winding scan a material edge. One coil is a pot-core coil, the other is wound around a cylinder core. The impedance analyzer measures the complex impedances of the coils. 

At first a crack wider than the outer diameter of the coil winding is tested. The results of the superposition and the measured data are presented in fig. 8. 

Capillary Tubes Figure 12.42 shows a cross section of a typical capillary tube. Most capillary tubes are made from fused silica coated with a 20-35-)J,m layer of poly-imide to give it mechanical strength. The inner diameter is typically 25-75 )J,m, which is smaller than that for a capillary GC column, with an outer diameter of 200-375 )J,m. 

Solution (Wet) Spinning. In the most widely used solution spinnerette system (60) the spinnerette consists of two concentric capillaries, the outer capillary having a diameter of approximately 400 ]Am and the central capillary having an outer diameter of approximately 200 ]lni and an inner diameter of 100 ]lni. Polymer solution is forced through the outer capillary while air or Hquid is forced through the inner one. The rate at which the core fluid is injected into the fibers relative to the flow of polymer solution governs the ultimate wall thickness of the fiber. Figure 19 shows a cross section of this type of spinnerette. 

Most of the AHoy 600 outer diameter tube corrosion has occurred in the region of the upper tubesheet near the open lane, ie, an untubed lane across the middle of the steam generator (16,17). The steam carries entrained droplets of water through the open lane to the upper tubesheet region where the droplets dry out and concentrate the chemicals. Long tube inserts have been used to sleeve tubes in this region where wall defects have been detected. 

T>i,T>9 Diameter at points 1 and 2 respectively inner and outer diameter of annulus respectively m ft... 

Noncircular Channels Calciilation of fric tional pressure drop in noncircular channels depends on whether the flow is laminar or tumu-lent, and on whether the channel is full or open. For turbulent flow in ducts running full, the hydraulic diameter shoiild be substituted for D in the friction factor and Reynolds number definitions, Eqs. (6-32) and (6-33). The hydraiilic diameter is defined as four times the channel cross-sectional area divided by the wetted perimeter. For example, the hydraiilic diameter for a circiilar pipe is = D, for an annulus of inner diameter d and outer diameter D, = D — d, for a rectangiilar duct of sides 7, h, Dij = ah/[2(a + h)].T ie hydraulic radius Rii is defined as one-fourth of the hydraiilic diameter. 

Annulus, inner diameter Di outer diameter Do (Lamb, op. cit., p. 587) ... 

Figure 10-35 shows the schematic of specific-speed variation for different types of pumps. The figure clearly indicates that, as the specific speed increases, the ratio of the impeller outer diameter Di to inlet or eye diameter Do decreases, tending to become unity for pumps of axial-flow type. 

Rotary-Siphon Peeler Centrifuges In this type of centrifuge, a partial vacuum is drawn on the outer diameter or tne filter such that the filtrate flows through the cake under both centrifugal force as well as a positive pressure difference of about I atm or less. Thus, a higher rate of filtration takes place due to the increased driving force. 

Hollow Fiber-Capillary Hollow Fiber reFers to verv small diameter membranes. The most siiccessFiil one has an outer diameter oF onlv 93 jlrn and is used For reverse osmosis, (iapillarv membranes are larger-diarneter membranes used For liquid separations. The distinction betw een them has blurred to the point where there is a virtual... 

Aromatic polyamide (aramid) membranes are a copolymer of 1-3 diaminobenzene with 1-3 and 1-4 benzenedicarboxylic acid chlorides. They are usually made into fine hollow fibers, 93 [Lm outer diameter by 43 [Lm inner diameter. Some flat sheet is made for spirals. These membranes are widely used for seawater desalination and to some extent for other process applications. The hollow fibers are capable of veiy high-pressure operation and have considerably greater hydrolytic resistance than does CA. Their packing density in hoUow-fiber form makes them veiy susceptible to colloidal fouling (a permeator 8 inches in diameter contains 3 M fibers), and they have essentially no resistance to chlorine. 

Figure 3.12 Heavily tuberculated 3-in. (7.6-cm) outer diameter steel mill water supply line.

Sample Specifications 3V2 in. (8.9 cm) outer diameter, mild steel pipe... 

Sample Specifications % in. (2.2 cm) outer diameter, 90 10 cupronickel tube... 

Sampie Specifications 1 in. (2.5 cm) outer diameter, admiralty brass tubes... 

Sample Specifications 0.75 in. (1.9 cm) outer diameter, 304 stainless steel tubing... 

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