Internal mixer, Brabender

Most of the compounds were extrusion compounded in a conical, partially intermeshing, counter rotating twin screw extruder (Haake Reomix TW-lOO). The extruder speed was set at 50 rpm and the barrel temperature profile was set to produce a melt temperature of 260°C at the die. Samples were injection molded in a 31.8 MT Battenfeld press with a 59 cc shot size. Where noted, samples were compounded in a 60 cc Brabender internal mixer and compression molded. 

Mechanical Mixing of PFAP(II) Compounds. PFAP(II) O-ring seal formulations were mixed in a Brabender internal mixer equipped with a mixer head of 85-mL volume and cam-type blades. The mix order was as follows (1) PFAP(II), (2) silica (Quso WR82, silane-treated surface) (3) magnesium oxide and (4) bis(8-oxyquinolate)zinc(II). This compound then was placed on a small two-roll rubber mill (2 in. X 6 in.) and dicumyl peroxide was mixed in at 57°C. 

TPV nanocomposites of LLDPE/reclaimed rubber with nanoclay and 1 wt.% MA-grafted PE and curative were prepared using a Brabender internal mixer at 170°C (Razmjooei et al., 2012). Contents of the reclaimed rubber, nanoclay, and compatibilizer were varied up to 30, 7, and 21 wt.%, respectively. The blends without the compatibilizer were also prepared. Morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties of the nanoclay-reinforced TPV nanocomposites indicated intercalation and partial exfoliation by the high-shear stress during mixing with the reclaimed rubber. Vulcanization of rubber phase led to an increase of viscosity. The size of rubber particles in TPV was reduced with the addition of nanoclay and compatibilizer. 

Recycled polyamide was mixed with GRT powder of 80 mesh up to concentrations of 60 wt.% in a Brabender internal mixer and compression molded (Hassan et al., 2010). The prepared moldings were subjected to gamma irradiation for up to absorbed dose of 200 kGy. Properties of the blends as a function of the irradiation dose and GRT concentration were studied. It was shown that due to the weak interfacial adhesion, the mechanical performance of blends reduced by the incorporation of the GRT. The irradiation also decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break, although the SEM studies indicated that irradiation provided a more smooth fracture surface. 

In particular, a microporous poly(/-lactide) (PLLA) composition can be prepared using poly(styrene) (PS) and as compatibilizer a copolymer from a lactide and styrene. Binary blends and compatibilized ternary blends are prepared by melt mixing the polymers and copolymer in a Brabender internal mixer with roller blades, under a constant high flow of dry nitrogen. Dry nitrogen is required to avoid a dramatic melt degradation of the PLLA. Prior to blending, PLLA and PS are dried for 48 /z in a vacuum oven at 70°C. 

Figure 3.9 Mixing chamber and rotors of Brabender internal mixer, (a) One of the rotors exposed to the camera in order to ensure easier recognition of rotor geome-try. (b) The schematic of mixing chamber.

The importance of the surface treatment of the montmorillonite in relation to the observations of the phenomenon above is illustrated in Kim and White [41]. Cloisite 20A was used as the organomontmorillonite that was melt blended with PDVF (Solef 1008 manufactured by Solvay). A Brabender internal mixer was utilized to prepare the polymer-montmorillonite composites. The r/min was 100, the mixing temperature was 180°C, and the mixing time was 5 min. 

A survey of the modulus as a function of exfoliation efficiency of Cloisite 30B in polyethylene with a varying degree of chlorine content is provided by Kim and White [44]. Polyethylene (2045 LLDPE produced by Dow) was the control. The wt. % chlorine content increased from chlorinated polyethylene (Tyrin random replacement of hydrogen with chlorine on the polymer backbone 36% chlorine, manufactured by DuPont Dow Elastomers), polyvinyl chloride (334 EG 56.7% chlorine, manufactured by OxyVinyl), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (TempRite, 63.5% chlorine, manufactured by Noveon), to polyvinylidene chloride (Saran, greater than 71.5% chlorine, manufactured by Dow Chemical). The composites were prepared with a Brabender internal mixer at 180°C and 100 r/min. The composites were prepared with 3, 5, and 10 wt.% Cloisite 30B content. The samples for mechanical testing were prepared by compression molding. The composites were characterized by WAXS and TEM. 

PP composites containing various short (nominal initial length of 20 mm) fibers were produced by melt compounding in a Brabender internal mixer. Recall that the fibers used along with their characteristics are given in Table 1. The compositions prepared are summarized in Table 2. 

It is apparent that a jxrssible preparation of the block copolymers of lactams and a lactone (i.e. CL, LL and CLO) must be kineticaUy controlled in order to suppress the transamidation and transacylation reactions a short polymerization time and an intensive stirring must be guaranteed. When a,(D-dihydroxy poly (e-caprolactone), functionaUzed ex situ by diisocyanates (MDI), was used as a starting substance, the gradual charging of this material into the Brabender internal mixer, together with a partially polymerized feed (LL, NaH, AcCL 13) yielded a copolymer in which longer sequences of e-caprolactone units were present [74]. 

De Sarkar et al. [52] have reported a series of new TPEs from the blends of hydrogenated SBR and PE. These binary blends are prepared by melt mixing of the components in an internal mixer, such as Brabender Plasticorder. The tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus, set, and hysteresis loss of such TPEs are comparable to conventional rubbers and are excellent. At intermediate blend ratio, the set values show similarity to those typical of TPEs (Table 5.5). 

The mastication equipment most commonly employed is standard rubber instrumentation such as roll mills, internal mixers, extruders or laboratory devices modeled on them (e.g., a single-rotor internal masticator described by Wilson and Watson (43), die model improved by Kargin and coworkers (11) and the Brabender plastograph). 

Internal mixers, such as the Banbury mixer (Fig. 23.3), and the laboratory Brabender or Haake mixers contain two connecting chambers, in which blades rotate in opposite directions with a narrow clearance to the walls, resulting... 

The processing of rPC/CR mixtures is done with an internal mixer (Brabender 50EHT with counter-rotating blades) after drying of the polymers at 90°C for 24 hours. Then, the combination of the CR and the PC is done at 240°C for 10 minutes at 40 rpm.The molten mixture is then pressed at 240°C, with 5 MPa of pressure, for 5 minutes to obtain plates measuring around 4 x 250 x 250 mm, which... 

Mixing experiments were performed by a Plasticorder PL 2000 internal mixer (Brabender). A rotor speed of 50 rpm and starting temperature of 50 °C were used for all tests. A fill factor of 0.7 was chosen for low-filled blends, while it was reduced to 0.6 for highly filled blends in order to keep the mass temperature below 100 °C. Two series of silica-filled blends, with and without additives, were prepared according to Tables 6.2 and 6.3 by variation of mixing time and silica loading. 

One of the methods of preparing blends is using an intensive internal mixer known as a Brabender plasticorder. TPNR is normally prepared in the laboratory via mixing in a Banbury mixer or Brabender plasticorder attached to a mixer or a twin-screw compounder. The dried thermoplastic is first melted in... 

The plastic or rubber samples are mixed with the sensitizer at the desired level in a Brabender Plasticorder or an internal mixer. The speed and the temperature of mixing depend on the nature of polymer. A temperature of 120 C may be used for polyethylene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. A higher temperature is needed for crystalline plastics. 

PET as well as PET nanocomposites were obtained by melt-blending in an internal mixer (16 cm Brabender Plastograph) during a mixing time of 4 minutes at a temperature of 260 C. The mixing was performed at a... 

Blends were prepared in a Plasti-Corder Digi-System internal mixer from C.W. Brabender Instruments Inc. at 2001C and 50 RPM for 8 minutes under a constant nitrogen flow. The HDPE, PP and PS homopolymer volume fractions were kept constant at 50, 40 and 10%, while the SEB compositions were of 0, 1, 5 and 15 g/lOOml of PS. After blending, the blends were quenched in cold water to freeze-in the morphology. 

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