Bone marrow inducing factor

Moreb JS, Turner C, Sreerama L, ZuCALI JR, SlADEK NE, SCHWEDER M. Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha induce class 1 aldehyde dehydrogenase mRNA and protein in bone marrow cells. Leuk Lymphoma 1995 20 77-84. 

Various malignancies can also induce an anaemic state. This is often associated with decreased serum EPO levels, although iron deficiency, blood loss or tumour infiltration of the bone marrow can be complicating factors. In addition, chemotherapeutic agents administered to this patient group often adversely affect stem cell populations, thus rendering the anaemia even more severe. 

Kowolenko, M., Tracy, L. and Lawrence, D.A., Lead-induced alterations of in vitro bone marrow cell responses to colony stimulating factor-1, J. Leukoc. Biol. 45, 198, 1989. 

Erythropoietin stimulates erythroid proliferation and differentiation by interacting with erythropoietin receptors on red cell progenitors. The erythropoietin receptor is a member of the JAK/STAT superfamily of cytokine receptors that use protein phosphorylation and transcription factor activation to regulate cellular function (see Chapter 2). Erythropoietin also induces release of reticulocytes from the bone marrow. Endogenous erythropoietin is primarily produced in the kidney. In response to tissue hypoxia, more erythropoietin is produced through an increased rate of transcription of the... 

In contrast to catechol and hydroquinone, phenol was a weak inducer of apoptosis in HL60 human promyelocytic leukaemia cells, and had an apoptotic effect only at the highest concentration tested (0.75 mmol/L) (Moran et al., 1996). Phenol (< 10 mmol/L) had no effect on the colony formation of granulocytes/macrophages induced by a recombinant granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor of murine bone-marrow cells (Irons et al., 1992). 

Interleukin-1 was originally discovered as a factor that induced fever, caused damage to joints and regulated bone marrow cells and lymphocytes, it was given several different names by various investigators. Later, the presence of two distinct proteins, IL-la and IL-1 (3, was confirmed, which belong to a family of cytokines, the... 

G-CSF mobilizes bone marrow-derived cells into the bloodstream. These stem cells can migrate to ischemic myocardium and differentiate into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. They may also induce metalloproteinases and vascular endothelial growth factor and thus play a role in tissue healing. Furthermore, G-CSF induces proliferation and enhanced survival of cardiomyocytes. This is accomplished via activation of G-CSF receptors in myocardium. G-CSF in association with TGF- 3 and collagen enhances ventricular expansion in the infarcted area. 

---