Boiling heat-transfer correlations

Saturated Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Correlation... 

The loss of septifoil cooling accident, which has recently been identified as a limiting DBA because of the application of an inappropriate boiling heat transfer correlation, is included under SER Section 11.1, which addessses the family of non-LOCA accidents. The potential consequences of this accident are still being evaluated. 

The final correlation for the overall boiling heat-transfer coefficient in pipes or channels (20) is a direct addition of the macroscopic (mac) and microscopic (mic) contributions to the coefficient ... 

Figure 10-98. Levy correlation for boiling heat transfer equation. (Used by permission Levy, S. ASME paper no. 58-HT-8, 1958. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.)...

Levy, S., Generalized Correlation of Boiling Heat Transfer, Paper No. 58-HT-8, presented AlChE-ASME Joint Heat Transfer Conference, Chicago, Aug. 1958, pub. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer (1959). 

Chen, J. C., A Correlation for Boiling Heat Transfer to Saturated Fluids in Convection Flow, Heat Trans. Div. ASME Conference, Boston (1963), Paper No. 63-HT-34. 

Chapter 7 deals with the practical problems. It contains the results of the general hydrodynamical and thermal characteristics corresponding to laminar flows in micro-channels of different geometry. The overall correlations for drag and heat transfer coefficients in micro-channels at single- and two-phase flows, as well as data on physical properties of selected working fluids are presented. The correlation for boiling heat transfer is also considered. 

Most of heat transfer correlations are based on data obtained in flow boiling from relatively large diameter conduits and the predictions from these correlations show considerable variability. Effects of superficial liquid and gas velocity on heat transfer in gas-liquid flow and its connection to flow characteristics were studied by Hetsroni et al. (1998a,b, 2003b), Zimmerman et al. (2006), Kim et al. (1999), and Ghajaret al. (2004). However these investigation were carried out for tubes of D = 25—42 mm. These data, as well as results presented by Bao et al. (2000) in tubes of L> = 1.95 mm and results obtained by Hetsroni et al. (2001), Mosyak and Hetsroni (1999) are discussed in the next sections to clarify how gas and liquid velocities affect heat transfer. Effects of the channel size and inclination are considered. 

Celata GP (ed) (2004) Heat transfer and fluid flow in micro-channels. Bergel, New York Chen JC (1966) Correlation for boiling heat transfer to saturated fluids in convective flow. Ind Eng Chem Process Des Dev 5 322-329... 

Carey van P (1992) Liquid-vapor phase-change phenomena. An introduction to the thermophysics of vaporization and condensation processes in heat transfer equipment. Hemisphere, New York Celata GP, Cumo M, Mariani A (1997) Experimental evaluation of the onset of subcooled flow boiling at high liquid velocity and subcoohng. Int J Heat Mass Transfer 40 2979-2885 Celata GP, Cumo M, Mariani A (1993) Burnout in highly subcooled water flow boiling in small diameter tubes. Int J Heat Mass Transfer 36 1269-1285 Chen JC (1966) Correlation for boiling heat transfer to saturated fluids in convective flow. Ind Eng Chem Process Des Develop 5 322-329... 

Prodanovic V, Fraser D, Salcudean M (2002) On transition from partial to fuUy developed subcooled flow boiling. Int J Heat Mass Transfer 45 4727-4738 Qu W, Mudawar I (2003a) Measurement and prediction of pressure drop in two-phase micro-channel heat sinks. Int J Heat Mass Transfer 46 2737-2753 Qu W, Mudawar I (2003b) Flow boiling heat transfer in two-phase micro-channel heat sink. 1 Experimental investigation and assessment of correlation methods. Int J Heat Mass Transfer 46 2755-2771... 

Convective heat transfer correlations for film boiling... 

For very long, helically coiled steam generator tubes, and for conditions typical of liquid-metal fast breeder reactors (LMFBRs), where steam is generated on the tube side, an overall heat transfer correlation for the whole boiling length (from X = 0 to X = 1.0) has been deduced experimentally (Campolunghi et al., 1977b) ... 

Chen, J. C., 1963b, A Proposed Mechanism and Method of Correlation for Convective Boiling Heat Transfer with Liquid Metals, BNL-7319, Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Brookhaven, NY. (4)... 

Kandlikar, S. G., 1983, An Improved Correlation for Predicting Two-Phase Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficient in Horizontal and Vertical T ubes, ASME HTD Heat Exchangers for Two-Phase Flow Applications, 21st Natl. Heat Transfer Conf., Seattle, WA. (4)... 

Shah, M. M., 1982, Chart Correlation for Saturated Boiling Heat Transfer Equations and Further Study, ASHRAE Trans. SS(Part I). (4)... 

Before specific relations for calculating boiling heat transfer are presented, it is suggested that the reader review the discussion of the last few pages and correlate it with some simple experimental observations of boiling. For this purpose a careful study of the boiling process in a pan of water on the kitchen stove can be quite enlightening. 

Levy, S.t Generalized Correlation of Boiling Heat Transfer, J. Heat Transfer, vol. 81C, pp. 37-42, 1959. 

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