Bituminous Coal Annual

Bituminous Coal Institute, Washington, D.C., Bituminous Coal Annual. ... 

Bituminous Coal Institute, Washington, D. C. Bituminous Coal Annual Facts and Figures, annual. Statistical survey of coal industries, including data on reserves, production, transportation, marketing, and labor conditions. 

The demand for energy is continually increasing and the highest energy consumption in the world occurs in the United States. In 1989 consumption totaled 8.6 x 10 MJ (81.3 x 10 Btu) or 11.7 metric tons of coal-equivalent per capita (85). World recoverable reserves were about 120 times the annual coal production in 1988 and about 10 times that for the additional reserves beheved to be in place (1). Estimated coal consumption reduces the known recoverable reserves at about 1%/yr. Whereas the use of bituminous coal is expected to continue to increase in terms of tonnage, the percentage of coal used in the United States has stabilized as shown in Table 11. 

Naphthalene is produced from coal tar or petroleum. It is made from petroleum by dealkylation of methylnaphthalenes in the presence of hydrogen at high temperature and pressure. Petroleum was a major source of naphthalene until the 1980s, but now most naphthalene is produced from coal tar. The pyrolysis of bituminous coal produces coke and coke oven gases. Naphthalene is condensed by cooling the coke gas and then separated from the gas. Naphthalene production in the United States is slightly greater than 100,000 tons annually. 

U.S. Bureau of Mines — Mineral Industry Surveys Quarterly and Annual Reports Bituminous Coal and Lignite Distribution Quarterly, Pennsylvania Anthracite Annual. Coke and Coal Chemicals Annual... 

ASTM. 2011c. Test Method for Cubic Foot Weight of Bituminous Coal (ASTM D291). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 05.05. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA. 

Allen, R.R. and Parry, V.F. 1954. Report of Investigations No. 5034. United States Bureau of Mines, Washington, DC. Ashmead, D. 1955. The influence of bacteria in the formation of acid mine waters. Colliery Guardian, 190 694-698. ASTM. 2011. Standard Test Method for Determining the Relative Degree of Oxidation in Bituminous Coal by Alkali Extraction (ASTM D5263). Annual Book of Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA. 

The largest producer in the USA is Calgon Carbon Corporation, with plants in several locations. Its annual capacity represents around 42% of the total production capacity of the country the main activation process is thermal and the precursors used are bituminous coal, coconut shell and charcoal. The second largest producer is Norit Americas, Inc., with around 23% of total capacity. Thermal activation is carried out with lignite and bituminous coal, and chemical activation (with phosphoric acid) is carried out with wood and peat. The third producer is Westvaco Corporation, with around 12%, sawdust being the main precursor for both thermal and chemical (with phosphoric acid) activation. Regeneration capacity of spent activated carbon has considerably increased in the last few years, this capacity being estimated to be now over 50,000 tonnes per year. 

Energy, Mines, and Resources Canada. 1977-. Statistical Review of Coal in Canada. Ottawa Energy, Mines and Resources Canada. Annually reviews production, consumption, and export statistics of Canadian metallurgical grade bituminous coal and subbituminous coal used for domestic electricity generation. Includes statistics on coal imported into Canada from the United States and South American export markets. 

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