Bioproduction

Manufacturing approaches for selected bioproducts of the new biotechnology impact product recovery and purification. The most prevalent bioseparations method is chromatography (qv). Thus the practical tools used to initiate scaleup of process Hquid chromatographic separations starting from a minimum amount of laboratory data are given. 

Approximately 500,000 Americans suffer strokes each year. Many of the 80% that survive suffer paralysis and impaired vision and speech, often needing rehabiUtation and/or long-term care. Hence, whereas treatment using rt-PA is likely to be expensive (costs are 2200/dose for treating heat attacks), the benefits of rt-PA could outweigh costs. In the case of heart attacks, the 10 times less expensive microbiaHy derived streptokinase can be used. There is currentiy no competing pharmaceutical for treatment of strokes (18,19). Consequentiy, the cost of manufacture of rt-PA may not be as dominant an issue as would be the case of other types of bioproducts. 

The separation of cells from the culture media or fermentation broth is the first step in a bioproduct recovery sequence. Whereas centrifugation is common for recombinant bacterial cells (see Centrifugal separation), the final removal of CHO cells utilizes sterile-filtration techniques. Safety concerns with respect to contamination of the product with CHO cells were addressed by confirming the absence of cells in the product, and their relative noninfectivity with respect to immune competent rodents injected with a large number of CHO cells. 

Stable expanded-bed operations promise the ability to handle whole broths efficiently, all the while maintaining plug-flow characteristics. Magnetically stabihzed fluidized beds have been shown to work effectively for bioproduct separations, but are not yet used commercially. A commerci y available process uses well-designed beads of appropriate densities and sizes to enable bed fluidization and stable operation without appreciable recirculation. 

Fiechter, A., H. Okada, and R. D. Tanner (eds.). Bioproducts and Bioprocesses, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1989. 

Techniques used in Bioproduct Analysis Analysis of Amino Adds, Proteins and Nudeic Acids Analysis of Carbohydrates and Lipids... 

Originally developed by ICI-Zeneca Bioproducts. Information not available. 

Advancing the field of process engineering. Important generic goals for research include the development of separation processes for complex and fragile bioproducts the design of bioreactors for plant and mammalian tissue culture and the development of detailed, continuous control of process parameters by rapid, accurate, and noninvasive sensors and instruments. 

Surface interactions play an important role in the ability of certain animal cells to grow and produce the desired bioproducts. An understanding of the dynamics of cell surface interactions in these "anchorage-dependent" cells (cells that function well only when attached to a surface) will be needed, for example, to improve the design of bioreactors for growing animal cells. 

Innovative One-Pot Oxidation Method for the Synthesis of Bioproducts from Renewables... 

Boehm, R. (2007) Bioproduction of therapeutic proteins in the 21st century and the role of plants and plant cells as production platforms. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1102, 121-134. 

Zeneca (1993) Brochure Biopol Resin Nature s Plastic, The Natural Choice Zeneca BioProducts, Billingham, UK... 

Hemicycle A Step Initiate cycle by inoculating the feedstock mixture with the aerobic/facultative part of the bioproducts (pseudomonads denitrifying blend of... 

Biofocus DPI. Technologies. Gene Logic Inc. Biotech. NPS Pharmaceuticals. UCB-Bioproducts. 

Hall, H. S., Coating of Granular Bioproducts, Granulation Technology for Bioproducts, (K. L. Kadam, ed.), Ch. 10, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FI (1991)... 

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