Bioprocess monitoring and control

Heinzle, E., and Saner, U. (1991) Methodology for Process Control in Research and Development. In Bioprocess Monitoring and Control, Ed. Pons, M.N., Hanser, Munich, p. 223-304. 

High cell densities are not only a prerequisite for high productivity additionally an effective on-line control and modeling of the bioprocesses is necessary. For industrial applications, optical measurement methods are more attractive because they are non-invasive and more robust. The potential of the BioView sensor for on-line bioprocess monitoring and control was tested. For high-cell-density cultivation of Escherichia coli, maintaining aerobic conditions and removal of inhibitory by-products are essential. Acetic acid is known to be one of the critical metabolites. Information about changes in the cell metabolism and the time of important process operations is accessible on-line for optimization... 

It should be noted that developments in electronics and computer science have contributed significantly to the improvement of monitoring culture systems and process control. However, there are still some areas for further general improvement of cell culture bioprocess monitoring and control, such as the estimation of cell concentration in real time. Several basic texts may supplement this chapter Kilburn (1991), Schiigerl (1991, 2001), and Sonnleitner (2000). 

Pons M-N (1991) Bioprocess monitoring and control. Hanser, Munich... 

In addition to this technical oriented development, a broad field of applied biological research was at the center of interest in Fiechter s laboratory. The development of bioreactors, bioprocess monitoring and control served as a means of obtaining more information on the biology of microorganisms and improving the process performance. 

Yeung KS, Hoare M, Thornhill NF, Williams T, Vaghjiani JD. Near-infrared spectroscopy for bioprocess monitoring and control. Biotechnol Bioeng 1999, 20 Jun 63(6) 684-693. 

In this chapter, only brief descriptions of traditional probes of the physical and chemical environments will be presented. Instead, our focus will be on the on-line (and quasi on-line) monitoring of bioprocesses. This type of measurement is required for bioprocess development, control, and optimization and places special demands on the types of sensors involved. In addition, special attention will be given to biosensors. These new probes provide on-line measurements of compounds that would otherwise require off-line analysis and have greatly increased the power of automated bioprocess monitoring and control. 

There are two essential components in any bioprocess monitoring and control scheme (1) suitable in situ or ex situ sensors for on-line measurement of desired parameters and (2) a control system with the necessary software and hardware for a suitable control strategy. Specific examples of recent developments in on-line measurements and control concepts will be highlighted in the following sections to reflect the rapid progress in this field. 

Krause, D., Birle, S., Hussein, M. A., Becker, T. (2011). Bioprocess monitoring and control via adaptive sensor calibration. Engineering in Life Sciences, 11, 402-416. 

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