Biomass synthesis

Increase. A lowered energy demand for biomass synthesis increases Yatp. 

On the other hand, with cell suspensions synthesizing a considerable amount of polysaccharides, the excessive quantity of inoculum can lead to intensive aggregation before the maximum in the biomass synthesis is reached. 

Simplified schema of the substrate partition between metabolic pathways catabolism (used for ATP and ADP synthesis) and anabolism (for biomass synthesis). The quantities SPi indicate the fraction of S destined to formation of the product "i". 

By replacing the NADH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase, which is the major nitrogen assimilation route in S. cerevisiae, the NADH formation associated with biomass synthesis was reduced, i. e., the stoichiometric coefficient a in Fig. 1 was reduced. 

An anaerobic reactor, operated at 35°C, processes a wastewater stream with a flow of 3000 m3/d and a bsCOD concentration of 5000 g/m3. At 95 percent bsCOD removal and a net biomass synthesis yield of 0.04 g VSS/g COD used, what is the amount of methane produced in m3/d ... 

If it is assumed that Yq and are constant for a given system, it becomes apparent that the rate of biomass synthesis decreases as the biomass concentration increases. It is, therefore, possible to achieve a state in which the amount of substrate provided is diverted entirely to the maintenance demand if the biomass concentration is sufficiently high and consequently a zero sludge yield is achievable. However, high biomass concentrations may not always be desirable from an operational perspective due to difficulties in meeting oxygen demand and the impact on the membrane fouling rate. 

Among the biological options, systems of intact cells of photosynthetic bacteria are the most advanced. They evolve hydrogen from thermally gasified biomass (synthesis gas) using several different enzymatic mechanisms with near-term commercial potential for biological H2 production from biomass. Research is now concentrating on maximization of bioactivity and durability [69],... 

Table 6.2 Precursor demand for biomass synthesis in C.glutamicum with additional consideration of the ATP demand for polymerization and assembly [66 -68]... 

Of course, summing Eq. (121) and (122) enables us to obtain the following unstmctured equation of biomass synthesis ... 

With the previous values of q and , it is then possible to obtain the P/2e value in this situation from Eq. (146) P2e = 1.21. It is important to note that this value is very close to the value of P2e = 1.23 obtained independendy for the active biomass of A. platensis in a complete analysis of its metabolism (Comet et al., 1998) and used in a previous stoichiometric equation for total biomass synthesis Eq. (121) or (123). 

Another actual pyrolysis-based biorefinery concept is the Bioliq process that was developed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT).Bioliq aims at the production of synthetic fuels such as Fischer-Tropsch diesel and chemicals from biomass. Synthesis based on synthesis gas requires pressures of up to 10 MPa. High-pressure entrained flow gasification provides high-quality tar-free syngas with low methane contents. 

Simulation of a circulating fluidized bed riser reactor for the gasification of biomass (synthesis gas production). 

Fig. 7.3 Tradeoff curves for biomass synthesis in E. coli MG1655. Each circle represents an elementary flux mode (EFM) producing one carbon mole of biomass dark filled circles and line segments represent flux distributions minimizing the combined costs plotted on the respective axes. Both abscissae represent glucose operation costs (C p the amount of glucose required to...

McCollom TM, Amend JP (2005) A thermodynamic assessment of entagy requirements for biomass synthesis by chemolithoautotrophic micro-organisms in oxic and anoxic environments. Geobiology 3 135-144... 

Desaccelerated growth phase After attaining highest specific growth rate, the biomass synthesis rate starts lowering and soon reaches the stationary phase. 

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